Trial reportAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2003
Steady-state plasma and bronchopulmonary concentrations of intravenous levofloxacin and azithromycin in healthy adults.
Trial report in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- Plasma and intrapulmonary pharmacokinetics of ceftibuten and ledaborbactam in healthy male and female adults.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Trial
- Pharmacokinetics, microbial response, and pulmonary outcomes of multidose intravenous azithromycin in preterm infants at risk for Ureaplasma respiratory colonization.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2015Trial
- Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of intravenous nemonoxacin in healthy chinese volunteers.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2014Trial
- Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin injection in healthy Chinese volunteers and dosing regimen optimization.Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics · 2013Trial
- Intrapulmonary pharmacokinetics of GSK2251052 in healthy volunteers.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2013Trial
- Penetration of meropenem into epithelial lining fluid of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2011Trial
- Intrapulmonary distribution of intravenous telavancin in healthy subjects and effect of pulmonary surfactant on in vitro activities of telavancin and other antibiotics.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2008Trial
- Trial
- Pulmonary Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics of Commonly Used Antibiotics in the Treatment of Community-Acquired Pneumonia.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2026Review
- Efficacy of cefiderocol and levofloxacin againstAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Plasma and intrapulmonary pharmacokinetics of cefepime and taniborbactam in healthy adult participants.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Intrapulmonary pharmacokinetics of SPR719 following oral administration of SPR720 to healthy volunteers.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Article
- Pharmacokinetics of SPR206 in Plasma, Pulmonary Epithelial Lining Fluid, and Alveolar Macrophages following Intravenous Administration to Healthy Adult Subjects.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2023Article
- Physiologically Based Modelling Framework for Prediction of Pulmonary Pharmacokinetics of Antimicrobial Target Site Concentrations.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2022Article
- Plasma and Intrapulmonary Concentrations of Tebipenem following Oral Administration of Tebipenem Pivoxil Hydrobromide to Healthy Adult Subjects.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2022Article
- Anti-Inflammatory Effects of RTD-1 in a Murine Model of ChronicAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Article
- Clinical Microbiology in the Intensive Care Unit: Time for Intensivists to Rejuvenate this Lost Art.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2021Review
- Protective effect of Rosuvastatin on Azithromycin induced cardiotoxicity in a rat model.Life sciences · 2021Article
- Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin in bronchial mucosa and lung tissue of patients undergoing pulmonary operation.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the concentrations of levofloxacin and azithromycin in steady-state plasma, epithelial lining fluid (ELF), and alveolar macrophage (AM) after intravenous administration. Thirty-six healthy, nonsmoking adult subjects were randomized to either intravenous levofloxacin (500 or 750 mg) or azithromycin (500 mg) once daily for five doses. Venipuncture and bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage were performed in each subject at either 4, 12, or 24 h after the start of the last antibiotic infusion. The mean concentrations of levofloxacin and azithromycin in plasma were similar to those previously published. The dosing regimens of levofloxacin achieved significantly (P < 0.05) higher concentrations in steady-state plasma than azithromycin during the 24 h after drug administration. The respective mean (+/- standard deviation) concentrations at 4, 12, and 24 h in ELF for 500 mg of levofloxacin were 11.01 +/- 4.52, 2.50 +/- 0.97, and 1.24 +/- 0.55 micro g/ml; those for 750 mg of levofloxacin were 12.94 +/- 1.21, 6.04 +/- 0.39, and 1.73 +/- 0.78 micro g/ml; and those for azithromycin were 1.70 +/- 0.74, 1.27 +/- 0.47, and 2.86 +/- 1.75 micro g/ml. The differences in concentrations in ELF among the two levofloxacin groups and azithromycin were significantly (P < 0.05) higher at the 4- and 12-h sampling times. The respective concentrations in AM for 500 mg of levofloxacin were 83.9 +/- 53.2, 18.3 +/- 6.7, and 5.6 +/- 3.2 micro g/ml; those for 750 mg of levofloxacin were 81.7 +/- 37.0, 78.2 +/- 55.4, and 13.3 +/- 6.5 micro g/ml; and those for azithromycin were 650 +/- 259, 669 +/- 311, and 734 +/- 770 micro g/ml. Azithromycin achieved significantly (P < 0.05) higher concentrations in AM than levofloxacin at all sampling times. The concentrations in ELF and AM following intravenous administration of levofloxacin and azithromycin were higher than concentrations in plasma. Further studies are needed to determine the clinical significance of such high intrapulmonary concentrations in patients with respiratory tract infections.
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