ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2003
Lack of detectable human immunodeficiency virus type 1 superinfection during 1072 person-years of observation.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Limited HIV-1 superinfection in seroconverters from the CAPRISA 004 Microbicide Trial.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2014Trial
- HIV-1 superinfection occurs less frequently than initial infection in a cohort of high-risk Kenyan women.PLoS pathogens · 2013Trial
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Drug Resistance, Phylogenetic Analysis, and Superinfection Among Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women in Sub-Saharan Africa: HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 075 Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Article
- Variable Effect of HIV Superinfection on Clinical Status: Insights From Mathematical Modeling.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
- Immunological and virological characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 superinfection: implications in vaccine design.Frontiers of medicine · 2017Review
- HIV competition dynamics over sexual networks: first comer advantage conserves founder effects.PLoS computational biology · 2015Article
- Superinfection with drug-resistant HIV is rare and does not contribute substantially to therapy failure in a large European cohort.BMC infectious diseases · 2013Article
- Frequency and implications of HIV superinfection.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2013Review
- A gp41-based heteroduplex mobility assay provides rapid and accurate assessment of intrasubtype epidemiological linkage in HIV type 1 heterosexual transmission Pairs.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2012Article
- The rates of HIV superinfection and primary HIV incidence in a general population in Rakai, Uganda.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2012Article
- Timing and source of subtype-C HIV-1 superinfection in the newly infected partner of Zambian couples with disparate viruses.Retrovirology · 2012Article
- Safer conception interventions for HIV-affected couples: implications for resource-constrained settings.Topics in antiviral medicine · 2011Review
- Identification of HIV superinfection in seroconcordant couples in Rakai, Uganda, by use of next-generation deep sequencing.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2011Article
- ABC for people with HIV: responses to sexual behaviour recommendations among people receiving antiretroviral therapy in Jinja, Uganda.Culture, health & sexuality · 2011Article
- Polyvalent AIDS vaccines.Current HIV research · 2010Review
- Heterologous Prime-Boost HIV-1 Vaccination Regimens in Pre-Clinical and Clinical Trials.Viruses · 2010Article
- SHIV infection protects against heterologous pathogenic SHIV challenge in macaques: a gold-standard for HIV-1 vaccine development?Current HIV research · 2009Article
- Multiple-infection and recombination in HIV-1 within a longitudinal cohort of women.Retrovirology · 2009Article
- HIV-1 superinfection in the antiretroviral therapy era: are seroconcordant sexual partners at risk?PloS one · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We examined consecutive protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) sequences from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1-infected individuals, to distinguish changes resulting from sequence evolution due to possible superinfection. Between July 1997 and December 2001, >/=2 PR and RT samples from 718 persons were sequenced at Stanford University Hospital. Thirty-seven persons had highly divergent sequence pairs characterized by a nucleotide distance of >4.5% in PR or >3.0% in RT. In 16 of 37 sequence pairs, divergence resulted from the loss of mutations during a treatment interruption or from the gain of mutations with reinstitution of treatment. tat and/or gag sequencing of HIV-1 from cryopreserved plasma samples could be performed on 15 of the 21 divergent isolate pairs from persons without a treatment interruption. The sequences of these genes, unaffected by selective drug pressure, were monophyletic. Although HIV-1 PR and RT genes from treated persons may become highly divergent, these changes usually are the result of sequence evolution, rather than superinfection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.