Trial reportAnnals of the rheumatic diseases2003
Chemokine blockade and chronic inflammatory disease: proof of concept in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Trial report in Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 219 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phase I evaluation of the safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of CP-481,715.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2007Trial
- Monocyte Migration Emerges from a Divergent Chemokine Signaling Network.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Lycium barbarum polysaccharide corrects CCR9Clinical rheumatology · 2025Article
- Fluorophore-Labeled Pyrrolones Targeting the Intracellular Allosteric Binding Site of the Chemokine Receptor CCR1.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2024Article
- Helicobacter pylori disrupts gastric mucosal homeostasis by stimulating macrophages to secrete CCL3.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Article
- CC Chemokine Receptor 4 (CCR4) as a Possible New Target for Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Inhibition of the CXCL9-CXCR3 axis suppresses the progression of experimental apical periodontitis by blocking macrophage migration and activation.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Emerging role of targeting macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis: Focus on polarization, metabolism and apoptosis.Cell proliferation · 2020Review
- Targeting the rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblast via cyclin dependent kinase inhibition: An early phase trial.Medicine · 2020Article
- Role of Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors in Rheumatoid Arthritis.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2020Review
- Chemokines in rheumatic diseases: pathogenic role and therapeutic implications.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2019Review
- Influence of the regulatory peptide galanin on cytokine expression in human monocytes.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2019Article
- Article
- The Role of Macrophages in the Response to TNF Inhibition in Experimental Arthritis.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2018Article
- CXCR3 plays a critical role for host protection against Salmonellosis.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Synovial tissue research: a state-of-the-art review.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2017Review
- CCL2/CCR2, but not CCL5/CCR5, mediates monocyte recruitment, inflammation and cartilage destruction in osteoarthritis.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2017Article
- The Multifunctional Role of the Chemokine System in Arthritogenic Processes.Current rheumatology reports · 2017Review
- Transcription factor NFAT5 promotes macrophage survival in rheumatoid arthritis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2017Article
- Activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory system by nicotine attenuates arthritis via suppression of macrophage migration.Molecular medicine reports · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChemokines and their receptors are considered important contributors in cell migration and inflammation in chronic inflammatory disorders. Chemokines affecting monocytes/macrophages are considered potential therapeutic targets, but no studies of the effects of blocking the chemokine repertoire in humans with a chronic inflammatory disease have been reported.
objectiveTo carry out a double blind, placebo controlled, phase Ib clinical trial with a specific, oral CCR1 antagonist.
methods16 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were randomised 3:1 to active:placebo treatment for 14 days. Synovial biopsy specimens were obtained on days 1 and 15. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the presence of various cell types before and after treatment and the results measured by digital image analysis. Results before and after treatment were compared by paired t test, and a two sample t test was used to compare the changes from baseline in the two groups.
resultsAll patients completed the study. A significant reduction in the number of macrophages (p=0.016), intimal macrophages (p=0.026), and CCR1+cells (p=0.049) in patients treated with the chemokine antagonist compared with the placebo group occurred in the synovium. Significant decreases in overall cellularity, intimal lining layer cellularity, CD4+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells also occurred in treated patients. Cells lacking CCR1 were not affected. Trends towards clinical improvement were seen in the treated patients but not in the placebo group. Severe side effects were not reported.
conclusionSpecific chemokine receptor blockade can result in relevant biological effects in patients with active RA.
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