ArticleJournal of virology2003
The dimer initiation sequence stem-loop of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is dispensable for viral replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Article in Journal of virology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.
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Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed.
- HIV-1 RNA genome packaging: it's G-rated.mBio · 2024Review
- Review
- Rous Sarcoma Virus Genomic RNA Dimerization Capability In Vitro Is Not a Prerequisite for Viral Infectivity.Viruses · 2020Article
- Intrinsic conformational dynamics of the HIV-1 genomic RNA 5'UTR.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Gag domains have distinct RNA-binding specificities with implications for RNA packaging and dimerization.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2018Article
- Influence of gag and RRE Sequences on HIV-1 RNA Packaging Signal Structure and Function.Journal of molecular biology · 2018Article
- In cell mutational interference mapping experiment (in cell MIME) identifies the 5' polyadenylation signal as a dual regulator of HIV-1 genomic RNA production and packaging.Nucleic acids research · 2018Article
- Distinct functions for the membrane-proximal ectodomain region (MPER) of HIV-1 gp41 in cell-free and cell-cell viral transmission and cell-cell fusion.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2018Article
- Retroviral RNA Dimerization: From Structure to Functions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
- SL1 revisited: functional analysis of the structure and conformation of HIV-1 genome RNA.Retrovirology · 2016Article
- Imaging HIV-1 RNA dimerization in cells by multicolor super-resolution and fluctuation microscopies.Nucleic acids research · 2016Article
- The Life-Cycle of the HIV-1 Gag-RNA Complex.Viruses · 2016Review
- HIV-1 RNA genome dimerizes on the plasma membrane in the presence of Gag protein.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Article
- A short sequence motif in the 5' leader of the HIV-1 genome modulates extended RNA dimer formation and virus replication.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2014Article
- Fifteen to twenty percent of HIV substitution mutations are associated with recombination.Journal of virology · 2014Article
- In vivo SELEX of single-stranded domains in the HIV-1 leader RNA.Journal of virology · 2014Article
- Forced virus evolution reveals functional crosstalk between the disulfide bonded region and membrane proximal ectodomain region of HIV-1 gp41.Retrovirology · 2013Article
- Dimeric RNA recognition regulates HIV-1 genome packaging.PLoS pathogens · 2013Article
- Allosteric modulation of the HIV-1 gp120-gp41 association site by adjacent gp120 variable region 1 (V1) N-glycans linked to neutralization sensitivity.PLoS pathogens · 2013Article
- Opening of the TAR hairpin in the HIV-1 genome causes aberrant RNA dimerization and packaging.Retrovirology · 2012Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) contains two copies of genomic RNA that are noncovalently linked via a palindrome sequence within the dimer initiation site (DIS) stem-loop. In contrast to the current paradigm that the DIS stem or stem-loop is critical for HIV-1 infectivity, which arose from studies using T-cell lines, we demonstrate here that HIV-1 mutants with deletions in the DIS stem-loop are replication competent in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The DIS mutants contained either the wild-type (5'GCGCGC3') or an arbitrary (5'ACGCGT3') palindrome sequence in place of the 39-nucleotide DIS stem-loop (NL(CGCGCG) and NL(ACGCGT)). These DIS mutants were replication defective in SupT1 cells, concurring with the current model in which DIS mutants are replication defective in T-cell lines. All of the HIV-1 DIS mutants were replication competent in PBMCs over a 40-day infection period and had retained their respective DIS mutations at 40 days postinfection. Although the stability of the virion RNA dimer was not affected by our DIS mutations, the RNA dimers exhibited a diffuse migration profile when compared to the wild type. No defect in protein processing of the Gag and GagProPol precursor proteins was found in the DIS mutants. Our data provide direct evidence that the DIS stem-loop is dispensable for viral replication in PBMCs and that the requirement of the DIS stem-loop in HIV-1 replication is cell type dependent.
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