SynthesisPediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)2003
Interventions for steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions for idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence of histopathological subtypes associated with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Interventions for idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Interventions for idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Efficacy of intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide treatment versus combination of intravenous dexamethasone and oral cyclophosphamide treatment in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2008Trial
- Pulsed Vincristine Therapy in Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome.BioMed research international · 2017Article
- P-Glycoprotein Activity in Steroid-Responsive vs. Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome.Indian journal of pediatrics · 2016Article
- The Usefulness of Determining Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Concentration Excreted in the Urine in the Evaluation of Cyclosporine A Nephrotoxicity in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome.Disease markers · 2016Article
- Angiopoietin-Like-4, a Potential Target of Tacrolimus, Predicts Earlier Podocyte Injury in Minimal Change Disease.PloS one · 2015Article
- The spectrum of histopathological lesions in children presenting with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome at a single center in Pakistan.TheScientificWorldJournal · 2012Article
- The effects of inflammation on lipid accumulation in the kidneys of children with primary nephrotic syndrome.Inflammation · 2011Article
- Treatment of steroid and cyclosporine-resistant idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children.International journal of nephrology · 2011Article
- Article
- Long-term outcome of idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome: a multicenter study.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2009Article
- Corticosteroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome with focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis : an update of treatment options for children.Paediatric drugs · 2008Review
- Fifteen-year remission of a steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome sustained by cyclosporine A.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2007Article
- Predictors of long-term outcome of children with idiopathic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2007Article
- Clinical research in pediatric nephrology: state of the art.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2005Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT), we aimed to evaluate the benefits and harms of all interventions for children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). Nine RCTs involving 225 children were included. Cyclosporin when compared with placebo or no treatment significantly increased the number of children who achieved complete remission [3 trials, 49 children, relative risk (RR) for persistent nephrotic syndrome 0.64, 95% confidence intervals (CI), 0.47-0.88]. There was no significant difference in the number of children who achieved complete remission between oral cyclophosphamide with prednisone and prednisone alone [2 trials, 91 children, RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.74-1.36], between intravenous cyclophosphamide and oral cyclophosphamide [1 study, 11 children, RR 0.09, 95% CI 0.01-1.39], and between azathioprine with prednisone and prednisone alone [1 trial, 31 children, RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.77-1.32]. No RCTs were identified comparing combination regimens comprising high-dose steroids, alkylating agents or cyclosporin with single agents, placebo, or no treatment. Further adequately powered and well-designed RCTs are needed to confirm the efficacy of cyclosporin and to evaluate regimens of high-dose steroids with alkylating agents or cyclosporin for SRNS.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.