ReviewJournal of clinical pathology2003
Pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus.
Review in Journal of clinical pathology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 291 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
291 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Systematic review of culture-confirmed septic pericarditis in systemic lupus erythematosus with an index case.Lupus science & medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Unravelling the connection between interferons and systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Mathematical modeling in autoimmune diseases: from theory to clinical application.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Biologics in the Treatment of Lupus Erythematosus: A Critical Literature Review.BioMed research international · 2019Pooled it
- The Use of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Therapeutic Agents for theFrontiers in immunology · 2018Pooled it
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and hearing disorders: Literature review and meta-analysis of clinical and temporal bone findings.The Journal of international medical research · 2017Pooled it
- Association between rs2431697 T allele on 5q33.3 and systemic lupus erythematosus: case-control study and meta-analysis.Clinical rheumatology · 2015Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of an interleukin 6 monoclonal antibody for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus: a phase II dose-ranging randomised controlled trial.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2017Trial
- Inflammation- and metabolism-related transcriptional features in murine lupus nephritis: A single-cell kidney reanalysis.Translational oncology · 2026Article
- Identification of genetic variants in B cell expressed genes associated with systemic lupus erythematosus in African American females.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Article
- Predominant HLA class I associations with lupus nephritis susceptibility, histology class and reduced renal function in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a retrospective case-control study.Rheumatology international · 2026Article
- Stress exposure prior to diagnosis and clinical characteristics in systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross-sectional study.Rheumatology international · 2026Article
- Article
- Nanoinformatics-guided design and molecular dynamic evaluation of folic acid-functionalized fullerene therapies for lupus nephritis in women.Journal of molecular modeling · 2026Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of Negative Effect of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus on Oogenesis and Meiotic Processes in Oocytes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) biology and its proposed role in rheumatic diseases pathogenesis.Advances in rheumatology (London, England) · 2026Article
- Regulation and Mechanism of Deleted in Breast Cancer-1 on Dendritic Cell Function in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.MedComm · 2026Article
- Interferon levels and interferon-stimulated gene expression identify patient subsets with distinct clinical and immunological characteristics in systemic lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Surgical treatment of a giant aneurysm of the superior mesenteric artery in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.Journal of surgical case reports · 2026Article
231 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The exact patho-aetiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remains elusive. An extremely complicated and multifactorial interaction among various genetic and environmental factors is probably involved. Multiple genes contribute to disease susceptibility. The interaction of sex, hormonal milieu, and the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis modifies this susceptibility and the clinical expression of the disease. Defective immune regulatory mechanisms, such as the clearance of apoptotic cells and immune complexes, are important contributors to the development of SLE. The loss of immune tolerance, increased antigenic load, excess T cell help, defective B cell suppression, and the shifting of T helper 1 (Th1) to Th2 immune responses leads to B cell hyperactivity and the production of pathogenic autoantibodies. Finally, certain environmental factors are probably required to trigger the disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.