ArticleMolecular and cellular biology2003
Variegated expression from the murine band 3 (AE1) promoter in transgenic mice is associated with mRNA transcript initiation at upstream start sites and can be suppressed by the addition of the chicken beta-globin 5' HS4 insulator element.
Article in Molecular and cellular biology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- RNAi-mediated knockdown of IKK1 in transgenic mice using a transgenic construct containing the human H1 promoter.TheScientificWorldJournal · 2014Article
- Mutation of a barrier insulator in the human ankyrin-1 gene is associated with hereditary spherocytosis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2010Article
- Article
- Trim43a, Trim43b, and Trim43c: Novel mouse genes expressed specifically in mouse preimplantation embryos.Gene expression patterns : GEP · 2009Article
- An insulator with barrier-element activity promotes alpha-spectrin gene expression in erythroid cells.Blood · 2009Article
- Conditional knockdown of Fgfr2 in mice using Cre-LoxP induced RNA interference.Nucleic acids research · 2005Article
- Location of promoter elements necessary and sufficient to direct testis-specific expression of the Hst70/Hsp70.2 gene.The Biochemical journal · 2004Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The anion exchanger protein 1 (AE1; band 3) is an abundant erythrocyte transmembrane protein that regulates chloride-bicarbonate exchange and provides an attachment site for the erythrocyte membrane skeleton on the cytoplasmic domain. We analyzed the function of the erythroid AE1 gene promoter by using run-on transcription, RNase protection, transient transfection, and transgenic mouse assays. AE1 mRNA was transcribed at a higher level and maintained at a higher steady-state level than either ankyrin or beta-spectrin in mouse fetal liver cells. When linked to a human gamma-globin gene, two different AE1 promoters directed erythroid-specific expression of gamma-globin mRNA in 18 of 18 lines of transgenic mice. However, variegated expression of gamma-globin was observed in 14 of 18 lines. While there was a significant correlation between transgene copy number and the amount of gamma-globin mRNA in all 18 lines, the transgene mRNAs initiated upstream of the start site of the endogenous AE1 mRNA. Addition of the insulator element from 5'HS4 of the chicken beta-globin cluster to the AE1/gamma-globin transgene allowed position-independent, copy-number-dependent expression at levels similar to the AE1 transcription rate in six of six lines of transgenic mice. The mRNA from the insulated AE1/gamma-globin transgene mapped to the start site of the endogenous AE1 mRNA, and gamma-globin protein was expressed in 100% of erythrocytes in all lines. We conclude that the chicken beta-globin 5'HS4 element is necessary for full function of the AE1 promoter and that position effect variegation is associated with RNA transcription from the upstream start sites.
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