ReviewEnvironmental health perspectives2003
Etiology and pathogenesis of uterine leiomyomas: a review.
Review in Environmental health perspectives, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 182 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
182 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 579 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies novel risk loci for uterine fibroids within and across multiple ancestry groups.Nature communications · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy of GnRH antagonists in the treatment of uterine fibroids: a meta-analysis.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2025Pooled it
- Causal relationship between genetically predicted uterine leiomyoma and cancer risk: a two-sample Mendelian randomization.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Pooled it
- The efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine Guizhi Fuling capsule combined with low dose mifepristone in the treatment of uterine fibroids: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 28 randomized controlled trials.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2023Pooled it
- Genetic liability to multiple factors and uterine leiomyoma risk: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Progestogens or progestogen-releasing intrauterine systems for uterine fibroids (other than preoperative medical therapy).The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Add-back therapy with GnRH analogues for uterine fibroids.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- The associations between the polymorphisms of the ER-α gene and the risk of uterine leiomyoma (ULM).Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2013Pooled it
- Effect of anesthetic technique on serum vascular endothelial growth factor C and prostaglandin E2 levels in women undergoing surgery for uterine leiomyomas.The Journal of international medical research · 2020Trial
- Trial
- CDB-2914 for uterine leiomyomata treatment: a randomized controlled trial.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2008Trial
- Phthalate Metabolite, Mono(2-Ethyl-5-Hydroxyhexyl) Phthalate (MEHHP), Promotes Uterine-Fibroid-Associated Phenotypes in Myometrial Stem Cell-Derived 3D Organoids.Environmental toxicology · 2026Article
- Multi-Mechanistic Effects of Xylopia aethiopica Fruits on Uterine Fibroids: Insights From In Vivo and In Silico Evidence.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Article
- Vitamin D3 ameliorates R-loop-induced replication stress and chromosomal instability in MED12-mutant uterine fibroids.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Epigenetic Regulation of Uterine Smooth Muscle Tumors: Histone Modifications in Uterine Fibroids and Leiomyosarcoma.Biology · 2026Review
- Phenome-wide association study of uterine fibroid subtypes reveals symptoms of fibroid severity and subtype-specific comorbidities.Research square · 2026Article
- HbA1c as a Key Metabolic Marker in Predicting Myomectomy Requirement in Women with Uterine Fibroids: A Machine Learning Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Vitamin D3 ameliorates R-loop-induced replication stress and chromosomal instability in MED12-mutant uterine fibroids.Research square · 2026Article
- Uterine fibroids in women of childbearing age: a cross-sectional study at the primary health care corporation in Qatar.BMC women's health · 2025Article
- Vitamin D deficiency and uterine leiomyoma in unexplained infertility.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Article
122 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Uterine leiomyomas, or fibroids, represent a major public health problem. It is believed that these tumors develop in the majority of American women and become symptomatic in one-third of these women. They are the most frequent indication for hysterectomy in the United States. Although the initiator or initiators of fibroids are unknown, several predisposing factors have been identified, including age (late reproductive years), African-American ethnicity, nulliparity, and obesity. Nonrandom cytogenetic abnormalities have been found in about 40% of tumors examined. Estrogen and progesterone are recognized as promoters of tumor growth, and the potential role of environmental estrogens has only recently been explored. Growth factors with mitogenic activity, such as transforming growth factor- (subscript)3(/subscript), basic fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor-I, are elevated in fibroids and may be the effectors of estrogen and progesterone promotion. These data offer clues to the etiology and pathogenesis of this common condition, which we have analyzed and summarized in this review.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.