ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2003
Phenotypic and molecular characterization of tetracycline- and erythromycin-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Metagenomics Reveals a Core Macrolide Resistome Related to Microbiota in Chronic Respiratory Disease.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2020Article
- Bacteriological profiles and drug susceptibility of Streptococcus isolated from conjunctival sac of healthy children.BMC pediatrics · 2020Article
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- Drug Resistance Characteristics and Macrolide-Resistant Mechanisms of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Wenzhou City, China.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2016Article
- Prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes of wastewater and surface water in livestock farms of Jiangsu Province, China.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2015Article
- Multiple mutations and increased RNA expression in tetracycline-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae as determined by genome-wide DNA and mRNA sequencing.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2015Article
- Antimicrobial Resistance Profile and Genotypic Characteristics of Streptococcus suis Capsular Type 2 Isolated from Clinical Carrier Sows and Diseased Pigs in China.BioMed research international · 2015Article
- Detection of the efflux-mediated erythromycin resistance transposon in Streptococcus pneumoniae.Annals of laboratory medicine · 2015Article
- The nonserotypeable pneumococcus: phenotypic dynamics in the era of anticapsular vaccines.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2010Article
- Ketolides--the modern relatives of macrolides : the pharmacokinetic perspective.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2009Review
- Effect of presumptive co-trimoxazole prophylaxis on pneumococcal colonization rates, seroepidemiology and antibiotic resistance in Zambian infants: a longitudinal cohort study.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2008Article
- In vivo emergence of high-level macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae following a single dose of azithromycin.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2007Article
- emm Types, virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance of invasive Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from Italy: What has changed in 11 years?Journal of clinical microbiology · 2007Article
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4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sixty-five clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, all collected in Italy between 1999 and 2002 and resistant to both tetracycline (MIC, >or=8 microg/ml) and erythromycin (MIC, >or=1 microg/ml), were investigated. Of these strains, 11% were penicillin resistant and 23% were penicillin intermediate. With the use of the erythromycin-clindamycin-rokitamycin triple-disk test, 14 strains were assigned to the constitutive (cMLS) phenotype of macrolide resistance, 44 were assigned to the partially inducible (iMcLS) phenotype, 1 was assigned to the inducible (iMLS) phenotype, and 6 were assigned to the efflux-mediated (M) phenotype. In PCR assays, 64 of the 65 strains were positive for the tetracycline resistance gene tet(M), the exception being the one M isolate susceptible to kanamycin, whereas tet(K), tet(L), and tet(O) were never found. All cMLS, iMcLS, and iMLS isolates had the erythromycin resistance gene erm(B), and all M phenotype isolates had the mef(A) or mef(E) gene. No isolate had the erm(A) gene. The int-Tn gene, encoding the integrase of the Tn916-Tn1545 family of conjugative transposons, was detected in 62 of the 65 test strains. Typing assays showed the strains to be to a great extent unrelated. Of 16 different serotypes detected, the most numerous were 23F (n = 13), 19A (n = 10), 19F (n = 9), 6B (n = 8), and 14 (n = 6). Of 49 different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types identified, the majority (n = 39) were represented by a single isolate, while the most numerous type included five isolates. By high-resolution restriction analysis of PCR amplicons with four endonucleases, the tet(M) loci from the 64 tet(M)-positive pneumococci were classified into seven distinct restriction types. Overall, a Tn1545-like transposon could reasonably account for tetracycline and erythromycin resistance in the vast majority of the pneumococci of cMLS, iMcLS, and iMLS phenotypes, whereas a Tn916-like transposon could account for tetracycline resistance in most M phenotype strains.
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