ArticleInfection and immunity2003
Effect of heat shock and mutations in ClpL and ClpP on virulence gene expression in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- A synopsis of competence-regulated virulence inVirulence · 2026Review
- Targeting ClpP Protease: Emerging Therapeutic Strategies and Small-Molecule Modulators in Drug Discovery.Medicinal research reviews · 2026Review
- Bacterial Growth Temperature as a Horizontally Acquired Polygenic Trait.Genome biology and evolution · 2025Article
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- Identification ofJournal of bacteriology · 2023Article
- I am better than I look: genome based safety assessment of the probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum IS-10506.BMC genomics · 2023Article
- Fever-like temperature bursts promote competence development via an HtrA-dependent pathway in Streptococcus pneumoniae.PLoS genetics · 2023Article
- Acyldepsipeptide Antibiotics and a Bioactive Fragment Thereof Differentially PerturbACS chemical biology · 2023Article
- Heat Shock Protein Inhibitors Show Synergistic Antibacterial Effects with Photodynamic Therapy on Caries-Related StreptococcimSphere · 2023Article
- The oxidative stress response ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Cellular functions of the ClpP protease impacting bacterial virulence.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2022Review
- Pathogenicity and virulence ofVirulence · 2021Review
- Article
- Arginine Decarboxylase Is Essential for Pneumococcal Stress Responses.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Effects of ClpP protease on biofilm formation of Enterococcus faecalis.Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB · 2021Article
- Significance of Individual Domains of ClpL: A Novel Chaperone fromBiochemistry · 2020Article
- The pneumococcal two-component system SirRH is linked to enhanced intracellular survival of Streptococcus pneumoniae in influenza-infected pulmonary cells.PLoS pathogens · 2020Article
- Functional Characterisation of ClpP Mutations Conferring Resistance to Acyldepsipeptide Antibiotics in Firmicutes.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2020Article
- ClpP participates in stress tolerance, biofilm formation, antimicrobial tolerance, and virulence of Enterococcus faecalis.BMC microbiology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Spread of Streptococcus pneumoniae from the nasopharynx to other host tissues would require the organism to adapt to a variety of environmental conditions. Since heat shock proteins are induced by environmental stresses, we investigated the effect of heat shock on ClpL and ClpP synthesis and the effect of clpL and clpP mutations on the expression of key pneumococcal virulence genes. Pulse labeling with [(35)S]methionine and chase experiments as well as immunoblot analysis demonstrated that ClpL, DnaK, and GroEL were stable. Purified recombinant ClpL refolded urea-denatured rhodanese in a dose-dependent manner, demonstrating ClpL's chaperone activity. Although growth of the clpL mutant was not affected at 30 or 37 degrees C, growth of the clpP mutant was severely affected at these temperatures. However, both clpL and clpP mutants were sensitive to 43 degrees C. Although it was further induced by heat shock, the level of expression of ClpL in the clpP mutant was high at 30 degrees C, suggesting that ClpP represses expression of ClpL. Furthermore, the clpP mutation significantly attenuated the virulence of S. pneumoniae in a murine intraperitoneal infection model, whereas the clpL mutation did not. Interestingly, immunoblot and real-time reverse transcription-PCR analysis demonstrated that pneumolysin and pneumococcal surface antigen A were induced by heat shock in wild-type S. pneumoniae. Other virulence genes were also affected by heat shock and clpL and clpP mutations. Virulence gene expression seems to be modulated not only by heat shock but also by the ClpL and ClpP proteases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.