ArticleNature2003
The cytidine deaminase CEM15 induces hypermutation in newly synthesized HIV-1 DNA.
Article in Nature, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 599 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
599 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 1,046 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multiple Inhibitory Factors Act in the Late Phase of HIV-1 Replication: a Systematic Review of the Literature.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2018Pooled it
- Broad activation of latent HIV-1 in vivo.Nature communications · 2016Trial
- Mechanisms of HIV-1 assembly, release and maturation.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Deconvolution of HIV-1 Mutational Signatures Reveals Dominant and Donor-Specific APOBEC3-Associated Mutagenesis Across Anatomical Compartments.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Ultrasensitive single-genome sequencing reveals strong purifying selection in acute HIV-1 infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Strain-specific epistasis shapes fitness landscapes of APOBEC3G antagonism by HIV-1 Vif proteins.Science advances · 2026Article
- Collapsing retroviruses for efficient delivery of viro-toxic cargoes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The structural mechanism of HIV-2 Vif antagonism of human APOBEC3H.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Atlas of HIV cis-regulatory elements reveals extensive transcriptional variation across clades, isolates, and within individuals.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Development of a Conditional Replication System Using a Lassa Virus Glycoprotein Complex-Encoding Retroviral Vector for Isolating Resistant Variants to Inhibitors in BSL-2.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Guardian ubiquitin E3 ligases target cancer-associated APOBEC3 deaminases for degradation to promote human genome integrity.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Aberrant strand transfer events across multiple stages of reverse transcription shape the heterogeneous landscape of the HIV-1 reservoir.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Fitness Landscapes of APOBEC3G Antagonism by HIV-1 Vif proteins.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Viral interferon antagonism shapes host tropism.PLoS pathogens · 2025Review
- APOBEC3G Antagonism by Vif, or When Structure Meets Biological and Evolutionary Studies.Annual review of virology · 2025Review
- Dendritic cells and HIV transmission: roles and subsets of antigen-presenting cells in the human anogenital tract.PLoS pathogens · 2025Review
- HIV-1 vif mediates ubiquitination of the proximal protomer in the APOBEC3H dimer to induce degradation.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Overview of host-directed antiviral targets for future research and drug development.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
539 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on byGood to CU.2003
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
High mutation frequency during reverse transcription has a principal role in the genetic variation of primate lentiviral populations. It is the main driving force for the generation of drug resistance and the escape from immune surveillance. G to A hypermutation is one of the characteristics of primate lentiviruses, as well as other retroviruses, during replication in vivo and in cell culture. The molecular mechanisms of this process, however, remain to be clarified. Here, we demonstrate that CEM15 (also known as apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3G; APOBEC3G), an endogenous inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication, is a cytidine deaminase and is able to induce G to A hypermutation in newly synthesized viral DNA. This effect can be counteracted by the HIV-1 virion infectivity factor (Vif). It seems that this viral DNA mutator is a viral defence mechanism in host cells that may induce either lethal hypermutation or instability of the incoming nascent viral reverse transcripts, which could account for the Vif-defective phenotype. Importantly, the accumulation of CEM15-mediated non-lethal hypermutation in the replicating viral genome could potently contribute to the genetic variation of primate lentiviral populations.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.