ArticleJournal of virology2003
Nuclear export of Vpr is required for efficient replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in tissue macrophages.
Article in Journal of virology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV-1 Vpr Functions in Primary CD4Viruses · 2024Review
- Viral Subversion of the Chromosome Region Maintenance 1 Export Pathway and Its Consequences for the Cell Host.Viruses · 2023Review
- Review
- Defining the roles for Vpr in HIV-1-associated neuropathogenesis.Journal of neurovirology · 2016Review
- HIV-1 Vpr protein activates the NF-κB pathway to promote G2/M cell cycle arrest.Virologica Sinica · 2015Article
- Fluorescent protein-tagged Vpr dissociates from HIV-1 core after viral fusion and rapidly enters the cell nucleus.Retrovirology · 2015Article
- HIV-1 Vpr stimulates NF-κB and AP-1 signaling by activating TAK1.Retrovirology · 2014Article
- HIV-1 Vpr-a still "enigmatic multitasker".Frontiers in microbiology · 2014Review
- ATG5 is induced by DNA-damaging agents and promotes mitotic catastrophe independent of autophagy.Nature communications · 2013Article
- HIV-1 induces telomerase activity in monocyte-derived macrophages, possibly safeguarding one of its reservoirs.Journal of virology · 2012Article
- Cellular phenotype impacts human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral protein R subcellular localization.Virology journal · 2011Article
- Human immunodeficiency virus viral protein R as an extracellular protein in neuropathogenesis.Advances in virus research · 2011Review
- Article
- Limelight on two HIV/SIV accessory proteins in macrophage infection: is Vpx overshadowing Vpr?Retrovirology · 2010Review
- HIV-1 Vpr oligomerization but not that of Gag directs the interaction between Vpr and Gag.Journal of virology · 2010Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of Neurodegenerative Diseases Induced by Human Retroviruses: A Review.American journal of infectious diseases · 2009Article
- HIV-1 viral protein R (Vpr) and its interactions with host cell.Current HIV research · 2009Review
- A comprehensive analysis of the naturally occurring polymorphisms in HIV-1 Vpr: potential impact on CTL epitopes.Virology journal · 2008Article
- Impaired nuclear import and viral incorporation of Vpr derived from a HIV long-term non-progressor.Retrovirology · 2008Article
- Antagonistic interaction of HIV-1 Vpr with Hsf-mediated cellular heat shock response and Hsp16 in fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe).Retrovirology · 2007Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Retroviruses must gain access to the host cell nucleus for subsequent replication and viral propagation. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and other primate lentiviruses are distinguished from the gammaretroviruses by their ability to infect nondividing cells such as macrophages, an important viral reservoir in vivo. Rather than requiring nuclear membrane breakdown during cell division, the HIV-1 preintegration complex (PIC) enters the nucleus by traversing the central aqueous channel of the limiting nuclear pore complex. The HIV-1 PIC contains three nucleophilic proteins, matrix, integrase, and Vpr, all of which have been implicated in nuclear targeting. The mechanism by which Vpr can display such nucleophilic properties and yet also be available for incorporation into virions assembling at the plasma membrane is unresolved. We recently characterized Vpr as a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein that contains two novel nuclear import signals and an exportin-1-dependent nuclear export signal (NES). We now demonstrate that mutation of this NES impairs the incorporation of Vpr into newly formed virions. Furthermore, we find that the Vpr NES is required for efficient HIV replication in tissue macrophages present in human spleens and tonsils. These findings underscore how the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of Vpr not only contributes to nuclear import of the HIV-1 PIC but also enables Vpr to be present in the cytoplasm for incorporation into virions, leading to enhancement of viral spread within nondividing tissue macrophages.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.