ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2003
World Trade Center fine particulate matter--chemistry and toxic respiratory effects: an overview.
Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prolonged brain cytokine elevation and microgliosis following exposure to World Trade Center dust particulate matter in male spontaneously hypertensive rats.Journal of immunotoxicology · 2026Article
- The interplay between vitamin D3 and Nrf2 signaling: mechanistic insights and therapeutic potentials.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- World Trade Center neurotoxicant exposure severity is associated with cortical thinning and regional brain atrophy: a neuroimaging study of general responders at midlife.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- MRI signature of brain age underlying post-traumatic stress disorder in World Trade Center responders.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- The Association of Air Pollution Exposure With Glucose and Lipid Levels: The Role of an Extreme Air Pollution Event Alongside 2 Decades of Moderate Exposure.American journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Functional changes in neural mechanisms underlying post-traumatic stress disorder in World Trade Center responders.Translational psychiatry · 2023Article
- Longitudinal Impact of WTC Dust Inhalation on Rat Cardiac Tissue Transcriptomic Profiles.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Lung Cancer Characteristics in the World Trade Center Environmental Health Center.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Selective hippocampal subfield volume reductions in World Trade Center responders with cognitive impairment.Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2021Article
- Complementary biobank of rodent tissue samples to study the effect of World Trade Center exposure on cancer development.Journal of translational medicine · 2019Article
- Excess HPV-related head and neck cancer in the world trade center health program general responder cohort.International journal of cancer · 2019Article
- World Trade Center (WTC) dust exposure in mice is associated with inflammation, oxidative stress and epigenetic changes in the lung.Experimental and molecular pathology · 2017Article
- Impact of acute exposure to WTC dust on ciliated and goblet cells in lungs of rats.Inhalation toxicology · 2015Article
- Risks to emergency medical responders at terrorist incidents: a narrative review of the medical literature.Critical care (London, England) · 2014Review
- Exposure, probable PTSD and lower respiratory illness among World Trade Center rescue, recovery and clean-up workers.Psychological medicine · 2012Article
- Comparison of WTC dust size on macrophage inflammatory cytokine release in vivo and in vitro.PloS one · 2012Article
- A novel system to generate WTC dust particles for inhalation exposures.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The 11 September 2001 terrorist attack on New York City's World Trade Center (WTC) caused an unprecedented environmental emergency. The collapse of the towers sent a tremendous cloud of crushed building materials and other pollutants into the air of lower Manhattan. In response to the calamity, federal, state, and city environmental authorities and research institutes devoted enormous resources to evaluate the impact of WTC-derived air pollution on public health. Unfortunately, on the day of the disaster, no air-sampling monitors were operating close to the WTC site to characterize and quantify pollutants in the dust cloud. However, analysis of fallen dust samples collected 5 and 6 days after the attack showed that 1-4% by weight consisted of particles small enough to be respirable (Lioy et al. 2002). These particles included fine particulate matter, or PM(subscript)2.5(/subscript) [PM < 2.5 micro m mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD)], which can be inhaled deep into the lung and is associated with cardiovascular and respiratory health effects. Because of the extremely high concentrations of dust immediately after the collapse of the towers, even a relatively small proportion of PM(subscript)2.5(/subscript) in the dust clouds could have contributed to breathing problems in rescue workers and others who were not wearing protective masks.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.