Trial reportTobacco control2003
A cluster randomised controlled trial of smoking cessation in pregnant women comparing interventions based on the transtheoretical (stages of change) model to standard care.
Trial report in Tobacco control, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Re-starting smoking in the postpartum period after receiving a smoking cessation intervention: a systematic review.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2016Pooled it
- A systematic review of the quality of reporting in published smoking cessation trials for pregnant women: an explanation for the evidence-practice gap?Implementation science : IS · 2014Pooled it
- Psychosocial interventions for supporting women to stop smoking in pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2013Pooled it
- Interventions for promoting smoking cessation during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2009Pooled it
- Computer-delivered interventions for health promotion and behavioral risk reduction: a meta-analysis of 75 randomized controlled trials, 1988-2007.Preventive medicine · 2008Pooled it
- Genetic variation affects congenital heart defect susceptibility in offspring exposed to maternal tobacco use.Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology · 2015Trial
- Design and study protocol of the maternal smoking cessation during pregnancy study, (M-SCOPE).BMC public health · 2011Trial
- The design, implementation and acceptability of an integrated intervention to address multiple behavioral and psychosocial risk factors among pregnant African American women.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2008Trial
- A group randomised trial of two methods for disseminating a smoking cessation programme to public antenatal clinics: effects on patient outcomes.Tobacco control · 2006Trial
- The influence of in-pregnancy smoking cessation programmes on partner quitting and women's social support mobilization: a randomized controlled trial [ISRCTN89131885].BMC public health · 2005Trial
- Effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions in pregnant women attending primary care: a scoping review.BJGP open · 2024Article
- Improving Behavioral Support for Smoking Cessation in Pregnancy: What Are the Barriers to Stopping and Which Behavior Change Techniques Can Influence These? Application of Theoretical Domains Framework.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Stages of change, determinants, and mortality for smoking cessation in adult Taiwanese screenees.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2015Article
- Article
- Socio-demographic factors and processes associated with stages of change for smoking cessation in pregnant versus non-pregnant women.BMC women's health · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness in helping pregnant women stop smoking of two interventions (Pro-Change for a healthy pregnancy) based on the transtheoretical model of behaviour change (TTM) compared to current standard care.
designCluster randomised trial.
settingAntenatal clinics in West Midlands, UK general practices.
participants918 pregnant smokers
interventions100 general practices were randomised into the three trial arms. Midwives in these practices delivered three interventions: A (standard care), B (TTM based self help manuals), and C (TTM based self help manuals plus sessions with an interactive computer program giving individualised smoking cessation advice).
main outcome measuresBiochemically confirmed smoking cessation for 10 weeks previously, and point prevalence abstinence, both measured at 30 weeks of pregnancy and 10 days after delivery.
resultsThere were small differences between the TTM arms. Combining the two arms, the odds ratios at 30 weeks were 2.09 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.90 to 4.85) for 10 week sustained abstinence and 2.92 (95% CI 1.42 to 6.03) for point prevalence abstinence relative to controls. At 10 days after delivery, the odds ratios were 2.81 (95% CI 1.11 to 7.13) and 1.85 (95% CI 1.00 to 3.41) for 10 week and point prevalence abstinence respectively.
conclusionsWhile there is a small borderline significant increase in quitting in the combined intervention arms compared with the controls, the effect of the intervention is small. At 30 weeks gestation and at 10 days postnatal, only about 3% of the intervention groups achieved sustained cessation, with numbers needed to treat of 67 (30 weeks of gestation) and 53 (10 weeks postnatal) for one additional woman to achieve sustained confirmed cessation. Given also that the intervention was resource intensive, it is of doubtful benefit.
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