Evidence map›Paper›PMID 12771389›Full record

ArticleOccupational and environmental medicine2003

Lung hyperpermeability and asthma prevalence in schoolchildren: unexpected associations with the attendance at indoor chlorinated swimming pools.

A Bernard, S Carbonnelle, O Michel, S Higuet, C De Burbure, J-P Buchet, C Hermans, X Dumont, I Doyle

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
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Article in Occupational and environmental medicine, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.8field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 253 citations in OpenAlex.

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  12. Early life swimming pool exposure and asthma onset in children - a case-control study.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2018
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

A BernardIndustrial Toxicology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium. bernard@toxi.ucl.ac.be
S Carbonnelle
O Michel
S Higuet
C De Burbure
J-P Buchet
C Hermans
X Dumont
I Doyle
UCLouvain · BECentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Pierre · BEFlinders University · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsTo study whether exposure to nitrogen trichloride in indoor chlorinated pools may affect the respiratory epithelium of children and increase the risk of some lung diseases such as asthma.

methodsIn 226 healthy children, serum surfactant associated proteins A and B (SP-A and SP-B), 16 kDa Clara cell protein (CC16), and IgE were measured. Lung specific proteins were measured in the serum of 16 children and 13 adults before and after exposure to NCl(3) in an indoor chlorinated pool. Relations between pool attendance and asthma prevalence were studied in 1881 children. Asthma was screened with the exercise induced bronchoconstriction test (EIB).

resultsPool attendance was the most consistent predictor of lung epithelium permeability. A positive dose-effect relation was found with cumulated pool attendance and serum SP-A and SP-B. Serum IgE was unrelated to pool attendance, but correlated positively with lung hyperpermeability as assessed by serum SP-B. Changes in serum levels of lung proteins were reproduced in children and adults attending an indoor pool. Serum SP-A and SP-B were already significantly increased after one hour on the pool side without swimming. Positive EIB and total asthma prevalence were significantly correlated with cumulated pool attendance indices.

conclusionsRegular attendance at chlorinated pools by young children is associated with an exposure dependent increase in lung epithelium permeability and increase in the risk of developing asthma, especially in association with other risk factors. We therefore postulate that the increasing exposure of children to chlorination products in indoor pools might be an important cause of the rising incidence of childhood asthma and allergic diseases in industrialised countries. Further epidemiological studies should be undertaken to test this hypothesis.

Indexed as

Swimming PoolsUteroglobinAdolescentAsthmaBronchoconstrictionChildChild, PreschoolChloridesDose-Response Relationship, DrugExercise TestHumansImmunoglobulin ELungNitrogen CompoundsPermeabilityProteinsChloridesImmunoglobulin Enitrogen chlorideNitrogen CompoundsProteinsPulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein APulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein BSCGB1A1 protein, humanUteroglobin

Identifiers

PMID12771389
PMCPMC1740550
OpenAlexW2168585771

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.