ArticleJournal of virology2003
Expression of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) nef in astrocytes during acute and terminal infection and requirement of nef for optimal replication of neurovirulent SIV in vitro.
Article in Journal of virology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV infection of non-classical cells in the brain.Retrovirology · 2023Review
- Animal models for studies of HIV-1 brain reservoirs.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2022Review
- Review
- Productive HIV infection in astrocytes can be established via a nonclassical mechanism.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Article
- TGFβRI antagonist inhibits HIV-1 Nef-induced CC chemokine family ligand 2 (CCL2) in the brain and prevents spatial learning impairment.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2019Article
- Astrocytes as an HIV CNS reservoir: highlights and reflections of an NIMH-sponsored symposium.Journal of neurovirology · 2018Article
- Brain-specific HIV Nef identified in multiple patients with neurological disease.Journal of neurovirology · 2018Article
- Eradication of HIV from Tissue Reservoirs: Challenges for the Cure.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2018Review
- An Overview of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Associated Common Neurological Complications: Does Aging Pose a Challenge?Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2017Review
- Immune Responses in the Central Nervous System Are Anatomically Segregated in a Non-Human Primate Model of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Attenuated SIV causes persisting neuroinflammation in the absence of a chronic viral load and neurotoxic antiretroviral therapy.AIDS (London, England) · 2016Article
- SAMHD1 transcript upregulation during SIV infection of the central nervous system does not associate with reduced viral load.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Astrocytes as an HIV Reservoir: Mechanism of HIV Infection.Current HIV research · 2016Review
- Cell-to-cell contact facilitates HIV transmission from lymphocytes to astrocytes via CXCR4.AIDS (London, England) · 2015Article
- Article
- HIV-associated neuropathogenesis: a systems biology perspective for modeling and therapy.Bio Systems · 2014Review
- Astrocytic expression of HIV-1 Nef impairs spatial and recognition memory.Neurobiology of disease · 2013Article
- HIV-1 Nef in macrophage-mediated disease pathogenesis.International reviews of immunology · 2012Review
- Canonical type I IFN signaling in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macrophages is disrupted by astrocyte-secreted CCL2.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2012Article
- Neuropathology of wild-type and nef-attenuated T cell tropic simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac32H) and macrophage tropic neurovirulent SIVmac17E-Fr in cynomolgus macaques.Journal of neurovirology · 2012Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
As the most numerous cells in the brain, astrocytes play a critical role in maintaining central nervous system homeostasis, and therefore, infection of astrocytes by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in vivo could have important consequences for the development of HIV encephalitis. In this study, we establish that astrocytes are infected in macaques during acute SIV infection (10 days postinoculation) and during terminal infection when there is evidence of SIV-induced encephalitis. Additionally, with primary adult rhesus macaque astrocytes in vitro, we demonstrate that the macrophage-tropic, neurovirulent viruses SIV/17E-Br and SIV/17E-Fr replicate efficiently in astrocytes, while the lymphocyte-tropic, nonneurovirulent virus SIV(mac)239 open-nef does not establish productive infection. Furthermore, aminoxypentane-RANTES abolishes virus replication, suggesting that these SIV strains utilize the chemokine receptor CCR5 for entry into astrocytes. Importantly, we show that SIV Nef is required for optimal replication in primary rhesus macaque astrocytes and that normalizing input virus by particle number rather than by infectivity reveals a disparity between the ability of a Nef-deficient virus and a virus encoding a nonmyristoylated form of Nef to replicate in these central nervous system cells. Since the myristoylated form of Nef has been implicated in functions such as CD4 and major histocompatibility complex I downregulation, kinase association, and enhancement of virion infectivity, these data suggest that an as yet unidentified function of Nef may exist to facilitate SIV replication in astrocytes that may have important implications for in vivo pathogenesis.
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