ReviewGene therapy2003
Effects of innate immunity on herpes simplex virus and its ability to kill tumor cells.
Review in Gene therapy, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 124 citations in OpenAlex.
- Oncolytic viruses and cytokine-based gene therapies reprogram the tumor microenvironment.Nature cancer · 2026Review
- Review
- A specific and adaptable approach to track CD206Theranostics · 2025Article
- Synergistic effects of herpes oncolytic virus and cyclophosphamide for recurrent malignant glioma: a narrative review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
- Alliance between titans: combination strategies of CAR-T cell therapy and oncolytic virus for the treatment of hematological malignancies.Annals of hematology · 2024Review
- Tumor-Associated Macrophages/Microglia in Glioblastoma Oncolytic Virotherapy: A Double-Edged Sword.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Immune Activity and Response Differences of Oncolytic Viral Therapy in Recurrent Glioblastoma: Gene Expression Analyses of a Phase IB Study.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2022Article
- Review
- Recent Advances and Next Breakthrough in Immunotherapy for Cancer Treatment.Journal of immunology research · 2022Review
- Article
- Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals a strong connection betweenMolecular therapy oncolytics · 2021Article
- Arming HSV-Based Oncolytic Viruses with the Ability to Redirect the Host's Innate Antiviral Immunity to Attack Tumor Cells.Molecular therapy oncolytics · 2020Article
- Evaluation of Tumor Specificity and Immunity of Thymidine Kinase-Deleted Vaccinia Virus Guang9 Strain.OncoTargets and therapy · 2020Article
- Virus vector-mediated genetic modification of brain tumor stromal cells after intravenous delivery.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2018Article
- Integrating oncolytic viruses in combination cancer immunotherapy.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2018Review
- Review: Oncolytic virotherapy, updates and future directions.Oncotarget · 2017Review
- BAI1 Orchestrates Macrophage Inflammatory Response to HSV Infection-Implications for Oncolytic Viral Therapy.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2017Article
- Oncolytic Viral Therapy for Mesothelioma.Frontiers in oncology · 2017Review
- Oncolytic herpes simplex virus interactions with the host immune system.Current opinion in virology · 2016Review
- Pathogenicity of duck plague and innate immune responses of the Cherry Valley ducks to duck plague virus.Scientific reports · 2016Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several clinical trials have or are being performed testing the safety and efficacy of different strains of oncolytic viruses (OV) for malignant cancers. OVs represent either naturally occurring or genetically engineered strains of viruses that exhibit relatively selective replication in tumor cells. Several types of OV have been derived from herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1). Tumor oncolysis depends on the processes of initial OV infection of tumor, followed by subsequent propagation of OV within the tumor itself. The role of the immune responses in these processes has not been extensively studied. On the contrary, effects of the immune response on the processes of wild-type HSV1 infection and propagation in the central nervous system have been studied and described in detail. The first line of defense against a wild-type HSV1 infection in both naive and immunized individuals is provided by innate humoral (complement, cytokines, chemokines) and cellular (macrophages, neutrophils, NK cells, gammadelta T cells, and interferon-producing cells) responses. These orchestrate the lysis of virions and virus-infected cells as well as provide a link to effective adaptive immunity. The role of innate defenses in curtailing the oncolytic effect of genetically engineered HSV has only recently been studied, but several of the same host responses appear to be operative in limiting anticancer effects by the replicating virus. The importance of this knowledge lies in finding avenues to modulate such initial innate responses, in order to allow for increased oncolysis of tumors while minimizing host toxicity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.