ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2003
The basic helix-loop-helix-PAS protein ARNT functions as a potent coactivator of estrogen receptor-dependent transcription.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 147 citations in OpenAlex.
- Crosstalk between the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α pathways in human islet models.Islets · 2025Article
- Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Establishes a Delicate Balance between the Level of the Trace Amine Tryptamine and Monoamine Oxidase Activity in the Brain and Periphery in Health and Conditions such as Neurodegenerative, Neurodevelopmental, and Psychiatric Disorders.Current neuropharmacology · 2025Review
- Aryl hydrocarbon receptor: An emerging player in breast cancer pathogenesis and its potential as a drug target (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2024Review
- Nuclear localization of STING1 competes with canonical signaling to activate AHR for commensal and intestinal homeostasis.Immunity · 2023Article
- The evolution and structure/function of bHLH-PAS transcription factor family.Biochemical Society transactions · 2022Review
- The role of DNA-binding and ARNT dimerization on the nucleo-cytoplasmic translocation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- The Significance of the Intrinsically Disordered Regions for the Functions of the bHLH Transcription Factors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- bHLH-PAS Proteins: Their Structure and Intrinsic Disorder.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Importance of Taiman in Larval-Pupal Transition inFrontiers in physiology · 2019Article
- AhR Activation by TCDD (2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) Attenuates Pertussis Toxin-Induced Inflammatory Responses by Differential Regulation of Tregs and Th17 Cells Through Specific Targeting by microRNA.Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Crosstalk between Notch, HIF-1α and GPER in Breast Cancer EMT.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Hypoxia and Hormone-Mediated Pathways Converge at the Histone Demethylase KDM4B in Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Adipose Tissue as a Site of Toxin Accumulation.Comprehensive Physiology · 2017Review
- A Molecular Mechanism To Switch the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor from a Transcription Factor to an E3 Ubiquitin Ligase.Molecular and cellular biology · 2017Article
- Estrogen receptor-α directly regulates the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 pathway associated with antiestrogen response in breast cancer.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2015Article
- Intracellular lactate-mediated induction of estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) in biphasic malignant pleural mesothelioma cells.Oncotarget · 2015Article
- Article
- A steroid receptor coactivator acts as the DNA-binding partner of the methoprene-tolerant protein in regulating juvenile hormone response genes.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2014Article
- An Activin A/BMP2 chimera, AB215, blocks estrogen signaling via induction of ID proteins in breast cancer cells.BMC cancer · 2014Article
- Coactivator recruitment of AhR/ARNT1.International journal of molecular sciences · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The biological effects of estrogens are mediated by the estrogen receptors ERalpha and ERbeta. These receptors regulate gene expression through binding to DNA enhancer elements and subsequently recruiting factors such as coactivators that modulate their transcriptional activity. Here we show that ARNT (aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator), the obligatory heterodimerization partner for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha, functions as a potent coactivator of ERalpha- and ERbeta- dependent transcription. The coactivating effect of ARNT depends on physical interaction with the ERs and involves the C-terminal domain of ARNT and not the structurally conserved basic helix-loop-helix and PAS (Per-ARNT-Sim) motifs. Moreover, we show that ARNT/ER interaction requires the E2-activated ligand binding domain of ERalpha or ERbeta. These observations, together with the previous role of ARNT as an obligatory partner protein for conditionally regulated basic helix-loop-helix-PAS proteins like the aryl hydrocarbon receptor or hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha, expand the cellular functions of ARNT to include regulation of ERalpha and ERbeta transcriptional activity. ARNT was furthermore recruited to a natural ER target gene promoter in a estrogen-dependent manner, supporting a physiological role for ARNT as an ER coactivator.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.