Evidence map›Paper›PMID 12744715›Full record

ReviewSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2003

The concept of maximal lactate steady state: a bridge between biochemistry, physiology and sport science.

Véronique L Billat, Pascal Sirvent, Guillaume Py, Jean-Pierre Koralsztein, Jacques Mercier

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 120 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
120citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

120 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 388 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. Lactate threshold predicting time-trial performance: impact of heat and acclimation.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2011
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  15. Physiological Responder Profiles and Fatigue Dynamics in Prolonged Cycling.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025
    Article
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60 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Véronique L BillatSport Science Department, University of Evry-Val d'Essonne, Paris, France.
Pascal Sirvent
Guillaume Py
Jean-Pierre Koralsztein
Jacques Mercier
Université de Montpellier · FRUniversité d'Évry Val-d'Essonne · FR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) is defined as the highest blood lactate concentration (MLSSc) and work load (MLSSw) that can be maintained over time without a continual blood lactate accumulation. A close relationship between endurance sport performance and MLSSw has been reported and the average velocity over a marathon is just below MLSSw. This work rate delineates the low- to high-intensity exercises at which carbohydrates contribute more than 50% of the total energy need and at which the fuel mix switches (crosses over) from predominantly fat to predominantly carbohydrate. The rate of metabolic adenosine triphosphate (ATP) turnover increases as a direct function of metabolic power output and the blood lactate at MLSS represents the highest point in the equilibrium between lactate appearance and disappearance both being equal to the lactate turnover. However, MLSSc has been reported to demonstrate a great variability between individuals (from 2-8 mmol/L) in capillary blood and not to be related to MLSSw. The fate of enhanced lactate clearance in trained individuals has been attributed primarily to oxidation in active muscle and gluconeogenesis in liver. The transport of lactate into and out of the cells is facilitated by monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) which are transmembrane proteins and which are significantly improved by training. Endurance training increases the expression of MCT1 with intervariable effects on MCT4. The relationship between the concentration of the two MCTs and the performance parameters (i.e. the maximal distance run in 20 minutes) in elite athletes has not yet been reported. However, lactate exchange and removal indirectly estimated with velocity constants of the individual blood lactate recovery has been reported to be related to time to exhaustion at maximal oxygen uptake.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PhysiologicalAdolescentAdultAnimalsExerciseFemaleHomeostasisHumansLactic AcidMaleMonocarboxylic Acid TransportersMuscle, SkeletalOxygen ConsumptionPhysical EnduranceRatsSports MedicineLactic AcidMonocarboxylic Acid Transporters

Identifiers

PMID12744715
OpenAlexW2090902080

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.