ArticleJournal of virology2003
Persistence of extraordinarily low levels of genetically homogeneous human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in exposed seronegative individuals.
Article in Journal of virology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Reduced Cell-Associated DNA and Improved Viral Control in Macaques following Passive Transfer of a Single Anti-V2 Monoclonal Antibody and Repeated Simian/Human Immunodeficiency Virus Challenges.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Monoclonal and Single Domain Antibodies Targeting β-Integrin Subunits Block Sexual Transmission of HIV-1 in In Vitro and In Vivo Model Systems.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2015Article
- Long-term control of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in cynomolgus macaques not associated with efficient SIV-specific CD8+ T-cell responses.Journal of virology · 2015Article
- Successful isolation of infectious and high titer human monocyte-derived HIV-1 from two subjects with discontinued therapy.PloS one · 2013Article
- DNA aptamers to human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase selected by a primer-free SELEX method: characterization and comparison with other aptamers.Nucleic acid therapeutics · 2012Article
- Distribution of HIV-1 infection in different T lymphocyte subsets: antiretroviral therapy-naïve vs. experienced patients.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2011Article
- Absence of reproducibly detectable low-level HIV viremia in highly exposed seronegative men and women.AIDS (London, England) · 2011Article
- Review
- Acute mucosal pathogenesis of feline immunodeficiency virus is independent of viral dose in vaginally infected cats.Retrovirology · 2010Article
- Preinfection human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes failed to prevent HIV type 1 infection from strains genetically unrelated to viruses in long-term exposed partners.Journal of virology · 2009Article
- High specific infectivity of plasma virus from the pre-ramp-up and ramp-up stages of acute simian immunodeficiency virus infection.Journal of virology · 2009Article
- Evidence for persistent low-level viremia in individuals who control human immunodeficiency virus in the absence of antiretroviral therapy.Journal of virology · 2009Article
- Potentially exposed but uninfected individuals produce cytotoxic and polyfunctional human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses which can be defined to the epitope level.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2008Article
- Impaired viral entry cannot explain reduced CD4+ T cell susceptibility to HIV type 1 in certain highly exposed individuals.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2008Article
- A single-nucleotide synonymous mutation in the gag gene controlling human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virion production.Journal of virology · 2007Article
- Evidence for persistent, occult infection in neonatal macaques following perinatal transmission of simian-human immunodeficiency virus SF162P3.Journal of virology · 2007Article
- Induction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific T-cell responses in HIV vaccine trial participants who subsequently acquire HIV-1 infection.Journal of virology · 2006Article
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 in seronegative infants born to HIV-1-infected mothers.Virology journal · 2006Article
- Understanding the "lucky few": the conundrum of HIV-exposed, seronegative individuals.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2006Review
- Low levels of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA in high-risk seronegative men.Journal of virology · 2005Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Some individuals remain inexplicably seronegative and lack evidence for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection by conventional serologic or virologic testing despite repeated high-risk virus exposures. Here, we examined 10 exposed seronegative (ES) individuals exhibiting HIV-1-specific cytotoxicity for the presence of HIV-1. We discovered HIV-1 DNA in resting CD4(+) T cells (mean, 0.05 +/- 0.01 copies per million cells) at multiple visits spanning 69 to 130 weeks in two ES individuals at levels that were on average 10(4)- to 10(6)-fold lower than those of other HIV-1-infected populations reported. Sequences of HIV-1 envelope and gag genes remained markedly homogeneous, indicating little to undetectable virus replication. These results provide the evidence for HIV-1 infection in ES individuals below the detection limit of standard assays, suggesting that extraordinary control of infection can occur. The two HIV-infected ES individuals remained healthy and were not superinfected with other HIV-1 strains despite continued high-risk sexual exposures to multiple HIV-infected partners. Understanding the mechanisms that confer diminished replicative capacity of HIV-1 in these hosts is paramount to developing strategies for protection against and control of HIV-1 infection.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.