ArticleEmerging infectious diseases2003
Human milk secretory antibodies against attaching and effacing Escherichia coli antigens.
Article in Emerging infectious diseases, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human milk oligosaccharide secretion dynamics during breastfeeding and its antimicrobial role: A systematic review.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2025Article
- Human milk antibodies to global pathogens reveal geographic and interindividual variations in IgA and IgG.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Article
- Gut microbiome and breast-feeding: Implications for early immune development.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2022Review
- Shiga Toxin-ProducingMicroorganisms · 2022Review
- Suboptimal breastfeeding practices are associated with infant illness in Vietnam.International breastfeeding journal · 2014Article
- Detection of secretory immunoglobulin A in human colostrum as mucosal immune response against proteins of the type III secretion system of Salmonella, Shigella and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2013Article
- Nutritive potential of some 'edible' soils in Blantyre city, Malawi.Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi · 2011Article
- Bovine colostrum contains immunoglobulin G antibodies against intimin, EspA, and EspB and inhibits hemolytic activity mediated by the type three secretion system of attaching and effacing Escherichia coli.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2008Article
- Colostrum from healthy Brazilian women inhibits adhesion and contains IgA antibodies reactive with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli.European journal of pediatrics · 2005Article
- Lactoferrin impairs type III secretory system function in enteropathogenic Escherichia coli.Infection and immunity · 2003Article
- Eating dirt.Emerging infectious diseases · 2003Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) is a primary factor responsible for preventing attachment of enteropathogens to gut epithelium in breastfeeding infants. We compared the frequency of sIgA to major surface antigens of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) in milk of 123 women from the United States and Mexico to determine whether regional differences existed in the frequency of antibodies to these surface antigens. In both groups of women, milk commonly has sIgA against various EHEC lipopolysaccharides, EspA, EspB, intimin, and less frequently against Shiga toxin. The study suggests that persons living in the United States are exposed to attaching/effacing enteropathogens more frequently than is generally assumed. The low frequency of antibodies to Stx1 (in 12% of Mexican and in 22% of U.S. samples) suggests that the rare appearance of hemolytic uremic syndrome in adults is not due to neutralization of toxin at the gut level. Only anti-EspA is found in most milk samples from both populations of women. EspA may represent a useful target for an immunization strategy to prevent EHEC disease in humans.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.