ArticleJournal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association
Hyperglycemia and retinopathy of prematurity in very low birth weight infants.
Article in Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 163 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between neonatal hyperglycemia and retinopathy of prematurity: a meta-analysis.European journal of pediatrics · 2021Pooled it
- Association between hyperglycemia and retinopathy of prematurity: a systemic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2015Pooled it
- Interventions for prevention of neonatal hyperglycemia in very low birth weight infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2011Pooled it
- Correlation between hyperglycemia and glycated albumin with retinopathy of prematurity.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Real-time continuous glucose monitoring in preterm infants (REACT): an international, open-label, randomised controlled trial.The Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2021Trial
- Pilot study of a model-based approach to blood glucose control in very-low-birthweight neonates.BMC pediatrics · 2012Trial
- Blood glucose controller for neonatal intensive care: virtual trials development and first clinical trials.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2009Trial
- Glucose disturbances in very low birth weight infants nearing term age-results from the prospective LIGHT-study using continuous glucose monitoring.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Observational
- Management of Neonatal Hyperglycaemia in Sweden-A Survey Study.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2025Article
- Postnatal growth and metabolic blood biomarkers in preterm infants developing reversible retinopathy of prematurity.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Identifying neonatal hyperglycemia thresholds in preterm infants based on retinopathy of prematurity outcomes: proof-of-concept study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Review
- A Higher Amount of Nutritional Intake as a Possible Cause of Hyperglycemia in Extremely Premature Infants in Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition at the Tertiary Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Hyperglycemia and prematurity: a narrative review.Pediatric research · 2023Review
- FGF21 via mitochondrial lipid oxidation promotes physiological vascularization in a mouse model of Phase I ROP.Angiogenesis · 2023Article
- The association of various obstetric and perinatal factors with retinopathy of prematurity.International ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Omega-3/Omega-6 Long-Chain Fatty Acid Imbalance in Phase I Retinopathy of Prematurity.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Metabolism in Retinopathy of Prematurity.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Hyperglycaemia in the Newborn Infant. Physiology Verses Pathology.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Review
- Thresholds of glycemia, insulin therapy, and risk for severe retinopathy in premature infants: A cohort study.PLoS medicine · 2020Observational
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveRetinopathy of prematurity (ROP) remains a leading cause of morbidity in the very low-birth-weight (VLBW) infant. This study investigates a possible association between serum/blood glucose and the development of ROP.
methodsA retrospective case-control study of all infants born between 1992 and 1997 at the Johns Hopkins Hospital with birth weights less than 1000 g who developed Stage 3 or 4 ROP was conducted. Controls either had Stage 1 ROP or no eye disease and were matched 2:1 with ROP patients for gestational age, birth weight and year of birth. Odds ratios (ORs) of ROP were calculated for multiple exposures over the first month after birth, including oxygen concentration (FiO(2)), blood glucose levels, vitamin E, mean airway pressure and mean blood pressure.
resultsIn a simple logistic regression analysis, we found an increased ROP risk for: (1) each 10 mg/dl increase of mean glucose (OR 1.96; 95% CI 1.13 to 3.42), (2) each 1% increase of mean FiO(2) (OR 1.06; 95% CI 1.004 to 1.13), (3) history of dopamine infusion (OR 5.4; 95% CI 1.16 to 25.2) and (4) intraventricular hemorrhage Grade 3 or 4 (OR 7.3; 95% CI 1.53 to 34.7). Using a multiple regression model, we found an increased ROP risk for each 10 mg/dl increase of mean glucose (OR 2.7; 95% CI 1.003 to 7.27). Each IU/kg/day of vitamin E supplementation reduced ROP risk (OR 0.37; 95% CI 0.16-0.86).
conclusionIn this study, we could demonstrate that glucose levels in the first month of life are associated with the development of ROP. Further studies have to determine if this association is causal or if hyperglycemia is just an expression of severity of illness.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.