Evidence map›Paper›PMID 12727903›Full record

ArticleGenome research2003

Selection on human genes as revealed by comparisons to chimpanzee cDNA.

Ines Hellmann, Sebastian Zollner, Wolfgang Enard, Ingo Ebersberger, Birgit Nickel, Svante Paabo

Open access · bronzeAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Genome research, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
67citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

67 citing papers in PubMed, 146 citations in OpenAlex.

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  4. Decoding the effects of synonymous variants.Nucleic acids research · 2021
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  11. Decoding mechanisms by which silent codon changes influence protein biogenesis and function.The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology · 2015
    Review
  12. Article
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  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.

Ines HellmannMax Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Sebastian Zollner
Wolfgang Enard
Ingo Ebersberger
Birgit Nickel
Svante Paabo
University of Chicago · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To better understand the evolutionary forces that affect human genes, we sequenced 5055 expressed sequence tags from the chimpanzee and compared them to their human counterparts. In conjunction with intergenic chimpanzee DNA sequences and data on human single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the genes studied, this allows us to gauge the extent to which selection affects human genes at a genome-wide scale. The comparison to intergenic DNA sequences indicates that about 39% of silent sites in protein-coding regions are deleterious and subject to negative selection. Further, when the divergence between human and chimpanzee is compared with the extent of nucleotide polymorphisms among humans in the same sequences, there is significantly higher divergence in the 5' untranslated regions (UTRs) but not in other parts of the transcript. This indicates that positive selection may have had a considerable influence on 5'UTRs. The dinucleotide CG (CpG) also exhibits a different substitution pattern within 5'UTRs as compared with other parts of the genome.

Indexed as

Selection, GeneticAmino Acid SubstitutionAnimalsCpG IslandsDNA, ComplementaryEvolution, MolecularExpressed Sequence TagsGenesHumansPan troglodytesPolymorphism, Single NucleotideSequence Analysis, DNAUntranslated RegionsDNA, ComplementaryUntranslated Regions

Identifiers

PMID12727903
PMCPMC430916
OpenAlexW2098785512

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.