ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2003
Influences of linezolid, penicillin, and clindamycin, alone and in combination, on streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin a release.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 118 citations in OpenAlex.
- Linezolid versus clindamycin for toxin inhibition in severe skin and soft tissue infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Infection · 2026Pooled it
- Non-traumatic necrotizing fasciitis caused by Bacillus cereus in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a case report and proposed gastrointestinal-to-hematogenous pathway.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Clinical features and trends of severe paediatric group A streptococcal infections in Japan in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era.Epidemiology and infection · 2026Article
- Refractory septic shock: our updated pragmatic approach.Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care · 2026Review
- The combinations of cefazolin with linezolid and cefazolin with clindamycin are indifferent against methicillin-susceptibleMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Current Clinical Practice on the Management of Invasive Streptococcus Pyogenes Infections in Children: A Survey-Based Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Optimizing Antibiotic Choice, Administration, and Duration in NSTI Treatment.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches Incorporating Point-of-Care Antigen Testing-Case Series.Clinics and practice · 2025Article
- Adjunctive linezolid versus clindamycin for toxin inhibition in β-lactam-treated patients with invasive group A streptococcal infections in 195 US hospitals from 2016 to 2021: a retrospective cohort study with target trial emulation.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Toxic shock syndrome secondary to Group ACase reports in women's health · 2025Article
- Severe Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infection Following Fish Spine Injury: A Case Report and Literature Review.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Review
- Recent development and fighting strategies for lincosamide antibiotic resistance.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Assessing the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence, clinical presentation, and clindamycin resistance rates ofIJID regions · 2024Article
- The Thousand Faces of Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infections: Update on Epidemiology, Symptoms, and Therapy.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Toxic Shock Syndrome: A Literature Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Comparison of Adjuvant Clindamycin vs Linezolid for Severe Invasive Group AOpen forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Bacterial endotoxins and exotoxins in intensive care medicine.BJA education · 2022Review
- Polymicrobial odontogenic periorbital and orbital necrotizing fasciitis (PONF): A case report.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2022Article
- WSES/GAIS/WSIS/SIS-E/AAST global clinical pathways for patients with skin and soft tissue infections.World journal of emergency surgery : WJES · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
An in vitro model was used to compare the effects of linezolid, clindamycin, and penicillin, alone and in combination, on streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A (SPE A) release against virulent group A streptococci (GAS). All regimens exhibited lower (P < 0.05) SPE A release at 1 h than those with penicillin alone. Linezolid and clindamycin, alone or in combination with penicillin, may optimize the treatment of GAS infections by reducing bacterial burden and exotoxin release.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.