ArticleBMC immunology2003
Expression of the UL16 glycoprotein of Human Cytomegalovirus protects the virus-infected cell from attack by natural killer cells.
Article in BMC immunology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Review
- Review
- Two class I genes of the chicken MHC have different functions: BF1 is recognized by NK cells while BF2 is recognized by CTLs.Immunogenetics · 2018Article
- Herpesvirus Evasion of Natural Killer Cells.Journal of virology · 2018Review
- Review
- Activation of Innate and Adaptive Immunity by a Recombinant Human Cytomegalovirus Strain Expressing an NKG2D Ligand.PLoS pathogens · 2016Article
- Article
- Classical and non-classical MHC I molecule manipulation by human cytomegalovirus: so many targets—but how many arrows in the quiver?Cellular & molecular immunology · 2015Review
- NKG2D is a Key Receptor for Recognition of Bladder Cancer Cells by IL-2-Activated NK Cells and BCG Promotes NK Cell Activation.Frontiers in immunology · 2015Article
- Allelic MHC class I chain related B (MICB) molecules affect the binding to the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) unique long 16 (UL16) protein: implications for immune surveillance.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2013Article
- Structure of human cytomegalovirus UL141 binding to TRAIL-R2 reveals novel, non-canonical death receptor interactions.PLoS pathogens · 2013Article
- Crystal structure of the cowpox virus-encoded NKG2D ligand OMCP.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- Human NKG2D-ligands: cell biology strategies to ensure immune recognition.Frontiers in immunology · 2012Article
- Palmitoylation of MICA, a ligand for NKG2D, mediates its recruitment to membrane microdomains and promotes its shedding.European journal of immunology · 2011Article
- The human NKG2D ligand ULBP2 can be expressed at the cell surface with or without a GPI anchor and both forms can activate NK cells.Journal of cell science · 2011Article
- Manipulation of NKG2D ligands by cytomegaloviruses: impact on innate and adaptive immune response.Frontiers in immunology · 2011Article
- Effect of NKG2D ligand expression on host immune responses.Immunological reviews · 2010Review
- Differential mechanisms of shedding of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored NKG2D ligands.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2010Article
- Natural killer cell cytotoxicity is suppressed by exposure to the human NKG2D ligand MICA*008 that is shed by tumor cells in exosomes.Cancer research · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHuman Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has acquired through evolution a number of genes to try to evade immune recognition of the virus-infected cell. Many of these mechanisms act to inhibit the MHC class I antigen presentation pathway, but any virus-infected cell which has down-regulated cell surface expression of MHC class I proteins, to avoid CTL attack, would be expected to become susceptible to lysis by Natural Killer cells. Surprisingly, however, HCMV infected fibroblasts were found to be resistant to NK cell mediated cytotoxicity. Expression of the UL16 glycoprotein could represent one mechanism to help the virus to escape from NK cell attack, as it has been shown to bind, in vitro, some of the ligands for NKG2D, the NK cell activating receptor. Here, we explored the role of UL16, in the context of a viral infection, by comparing the susceptibility to NK lysis of cells infected with HCMV and cells infected with a UL16 deletion mutant of this virus.
resultsCells infected with the UL16 knockout virus were killed at substantially higher levels than cells infected with the wild-type virus. This increased killing could be correlated with a UL16-dependent reduction in surface expression of ligands for the NK cell activating receptor NKG2D.
conclusionsExpression of the UL16 glycoprotein was associated with protection of HCMV-infected cells from NK cell attack. This observation could be correlated with the downregulation of cell surface expression of NKG2D ligands. These data represent a first step towards understanding the mechanism(s) of action of the UL16 protein.
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