ArticleJournal of biomedicine & biotechnology2003
Prodrugs for Gene-Directed Enzyme-Prodrug Therapy (Suicide Gene Therapy).
Article in Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 121 citations in OpenAlex.
- Eradication of Cancer Cells Using Doxifluridine and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Expressing Thymidine Phosphorylase.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Exploring Product Release from Yeast Cytosine Deaminase with Metadynamics.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2024Article
- Dendrimers as Non-Viral Vectors in Gene-Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- The YfkO Nitroreductase from Bacillus Licheniformis on Gold-Coated Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles: Towards a Novel Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy Approach.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Polymeric Nanovectors Incorporated with Ganciclovir and HSV-Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Neural Progenitor Cells Expressing Herpes Simplex Virus-Thymidine Kinase for Ablation Have Differential Chemosensitivity to Brivudine and Ganciclovir.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021Article
- Development and Clinical Translation of Approved Gene Therapy Products for Genetic Disorders.Frontiers in genetics · 2019Review
- The Use of Normal Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cells for Potential Anti-Cancer Therapeutic Strategy.Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2018Review
- Ultrasound-guided delivery of thymidine kinase-nitroreductase dual therapeutic genes by PEGylated-PLGA/PIE nanoparticles for enhanced triple negative breast cancer therapy.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2018Article
- Antiproliferative effect of double suicide gene delivery mediated by polyamidoamine dendrimers in human Tenon's capsule fibroblasts.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2017Article
- New Variants of Tomato Thymidine Kinase 1 Selected for Increased Sensitivity of E. coli KY895 towards Azidothymidine.Cancers · 2015Article
- Tomato thymidine kinase-based suicide gene therapy for malignant glioma--an alternative for Herpes Simplex virus-1 thymidine kinase.Cancer gene therapy · 2015Article
- Adeno-associated virus-mediated cancer gene therapy: current status.Cancer letters · 2015Review
- Article
- Evaluating aziridinyl nitrobenzamide compounds as leishmanicidal prodrugs.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2014Article
- An essential type I nitroreductase from Leishmania major can be used to activate leishmanicidal prodrugs.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2013Article
- Expression of β-glucuronidase on the surface of bacteria enhances activation of glucuronide prodrugs.Cancer gene therapy · 2013Article
- Suicide gene therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma cells by survivin promoter-driven expression of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene.Oncology reports · 2013Article
- Article
- Therapeutic potential of stem cells expressing suicide genes that selectively target human breast cancer cells: evidence that they exert tumoricidal effects via tumor tropism (review).International journal of oncology · 2012Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This review focuses on the prodrugs used in suicide gene therapy. These prodrugs need to satisfy a number of criteria. They must be efficient and selective substrates for the activating enzyme, and be metabolized to potent cytotoxins preferably able to kill cells at all stages of the cell cycle. Both prodrugs and their activated species should have good distributive properties, so that the resulting bystander effects can maximize the effectiveness of the therapy, since gene transduction efficiencies are generally low. A total of 42 prodrugs explored for use in suicide gene therapy with 12 different enzymes are discussed, particularly in terms of their physiocochemical properties. An important parameter in determining bystander effects generated by passive diffusion is the lipophilicity of the activated form, a property conveniently compared by diffusion coefficients (log P for nonionizable compounds and log D(7) for compounds containing an ionizable centre). Many of the early antimetabolite-based prodrugs provide very polar activated forms that have limited abilities to diffuse across cell membranes, and rely on gap junctions between cells for their bystander effects. Several later studies have shown that more lipophilic, neutral compounds have superior diffusion-based bystander effects. Prodrugs of DNA alkylating agents, that are less cell cycle-specific than antimetabolites and more effective against noncycling tumor cells, appear in general to be more active prodrugs, requiring less prolonged dosing schedules to be effective. It is expected that continued studies to optimize the bystander effects and other properties of prodrugs and the activated species they generate will contribute to improvements in the effectiveness of suicide gene therapy.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.