Evidence map›Paper›PMID 12676588›Full record

ReviewEnvironmental health perspectives2003

Cancer and developmental exposure to endocrine disruptors.

Linda S Birnbaum, Suzanne E Fenton

Open access · diamondAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Environmental health perspectives, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 143 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
143citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
11.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

143 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 454 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. USEtox modeling of children's exposures to Bisphenol A (BPA) and alternatives in toys.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026
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83 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Linda S BirnbaumExperimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. birnbaum.linda@epa.gov
Suzanne E Fenton
Environmental Protection Agency · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Developing organisms have increased susceptibility to cancer if they are exposed to environmental toxicants during rapid growth and differentiation. Human studies have demonstrated clear increases in cancer after prenatal exposure to ionizing radiation, and there is suggestive evidence that brain tumors and leukemia are associated with parental exposures to chemicals. Animal experiments have demonstrated increased tumor formation induced by prenatal or neonatal exposure to a variety of chemicals, including direct-acting carcinogens and drugs. Recently, natural estrogens have been classified as known human carcinogens. Prenatal exposure to natural and synthetic estrogens is associated with increases in breast and vaginal tumors in humans as well as uterine tumors in animals. Synthetic halogenated chemicals increase liver tumors after early life-stage exposure. Recently, a prototypical endocrine-disrupting compound, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, has been shown to be a developmental toxicant of the mammary gland in rodents. Dioxin alters multiple endocrine systems, and its effects on the developing breast involve delayed proliferation and differentiation of the mammary gland, as well as an elongation of the window of sensitivity to potential carcinogens. Implications of these new findings suggest that causes of endocrine-related cancers or susceptibility to cancer may be a result of developmental exposures rather than exposures existing at or near the time of tumor detection.

Indexed as

Child DevelopmentEmbryonic and Fetal DevelopmentPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsAdultAnimalsAtrazineBreast NeoplasmsCarcinogensCell Transformation, NeoplasticChildChild, PreschoolDioxinsDisease Models, AnimalEndocrine SystemEnvironmental PollutantsFemaleAtrazineCarcinogensDioxinsEnvironmental PollutantsHerbicides

Identifiers

PMID12676588
PMCPMC1241417
OpenAlexW2027109773

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.