ArticleJournal of virology2003
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genetic recombination is more frequent than that of Moloney murine leukemia virus despite similar template switching rates.
Article in Journal of virology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Estimates of HIV-1 within-host recombination rates across the whole genome.Virus evolution · 2025Article
- Adaptation of HIV-1/HIV-2 Chimeras with Defects in Genome Packaging and Viral Replication.mBio · 2022Article
- Evolutionary Genetics ofMicroorganisms · 2021Review
- Recombination is required for efficient HIV-1 replication and the maintenance of viral genome integrity.Nucleic acids research · 2018Article
- Tracking HIV-1 recombination to resolve its contribution to HIV-1 evolution in natural infection.Nature communications · 2018Article
- Paucity of Intact Non-Induced Provirus with Early, Long-Term Antiretroviral Therapy of Perinatal HIV Infection.PloS one · 2017Article
- High recombination potential of subtype A HIV-1.Virology · 2015Article
- Review
- Article
- Latent HIV-1 can be reactivated by cellular superinfection in a Tat-dependent manner, which can lead to the emergence of multidrug-resistant recombinant viruses.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- HIV-1 reverse transcription.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2012Review
- Stable multi-infection of splenocytes during SIV infection--the basis for continuous recombination.Retrovirology · 2012Article
- Identification of a minimal region of the HIV-1 5'-leader required for RNA dimerization, NC binding, and packaging.Journal of molecular biology · 2012Article
- Structural determinants and mechanism of HIV-1 genome packaging.Journal of molecular biology · 2011Review
- Structure of a conserved retroviral RNA packaging element by NMR spectroscopy and cryo-electron tomography.Journal of molecular biology · 2010Article
- RNA structures facilitate recombination-mediated gene swapping in HIV-1.Journal of virology · 2010Article
- HERVs in neuropathogenesis.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2010Review
- SIN retroviral vectors expressing COL7A1 under human promoters for ex vivo gene therapy of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2010Article
- Accurately measuring recombination between closely related HIV-1 genomes.PLoS computational biology · 2010Article
- Cassette deletion in multiple shRNA lentiviral vectors for HIV-1 and its impact on treatment success.Virology journal · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Retroviral recombinants result from template switching between copackaged viral genomes. Here, marker reassortment between coexpressed vectors was measured during single replication cycles, and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) recombination was observed six- to sevenfold more frequently than murine leukemia virus (MLV) recombination. Template switching was also assayed by using transduction-type vectors in which donor and acceptor template regions were joined covalently. In this situation, where RNA copackaging could not vary, MLV and HIV-1 template switching rates were indistinguishable. These findings argue that MLV's lower intermolecular recombination frequency does not reflect enzymological differences. Instead, these data suggest that recombination rates differ because coexpressed MLV RNAs are less accessible to the recombination machinery than are coexpressed HIV RNAs. This hypothesis provides a plausible explanation for why most gammaretrovirus recombinants, although relatively rare, display evidence of multiple nonselected crossovers. By implying that recombinogenic template switching occurs roughly four times on average during the synthesis of every MLV or HIV-1 DNA, these results suggest that virtually all products of retroviral replication are biochemical recombinants.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.