ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2003
Interferon and granulopoiesis signatures in systemic lupus erythematosus blood.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 967 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
967 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,959 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unravelling the connection between interferons and systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pharmacodynamic Effects of Litifilimab in Lupus in a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Phase 2 Study: Rapid and Sustained Reductions in Type I Interferon-Associated Gene Expression and Cytokines.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Trial
- Evaluation of RNase therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus: a randomised phase 2a clinical trial of RSLV-132.Lupus science & medicine · 2024Trial
- Sub-setting systemic lupus erythematosus by combined molecular phenotypes defines divergent populations in two phase III randomized trials.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2021Trial
- Identification of a systemic lupus erythematosus disease signature in resting naive B cells.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- The Role of Immature Granulocyte Count and Percentage as Novel Indicators of Systemic Inflammation in Plaque Psoriasis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial Metabolic Reprogramming and Skin Immune Homeostasis: From Basic Mechanisms to Therapeutic Perspectives.Immune network · 2026Review
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- Type I interferons enhance B cell activation and promote differentiation of double negative 2 cells in SLE.Lupus science & medicine · 2026Article
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- Type I interferon-dependent and -independent signaling underlie autoantibody production in a murine lupus model.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Article
- Neutrophil reprogramming underlie vasculopathy and lung disease in systemic sclerosis.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- The emerging role of TLR7-mediated signaling in respiratory viral infections and autoimmune diseases.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Review
- PP2A dysfunction mediated by PPP2R1A deficiency drives cGAS-STING-dependent hyperinflammation in SLE CD14Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Subclassification of Small Cell Lung Cancer Based on Gene Expression Signatures and Machine Learning.Cancer research communications · 2026Article
- Autoantibodies as Precision Tools in Connective Tissue Diseases: From Epiphenomenon to Endophenotype.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Plasmablasts as Translational Biomarkers in Autoimmune Diseases: From Cellular Dynamics to Clinical Decision-Making.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Single-cell profiling unveils nephritis-related circulating immunological signatures in systemic lupus erythematosus patients.Communications biology · 2026Article
907 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototype systemic autoimmune disease characterized by flares of high morbidity. Using oligonucleotide microarrays, we now show that active SLE can be distinguished by a remarkably homogeneous gene expression pattern with overexpression of granulopoiesis-related and interferon (IFN)-induced genes. Using the most stringent statistical analysis (Bonferroni correction), 15 genes were found highly up-regulated in SLE patients, 14 of which are targets of IFN and one, defensin DEFA-3, a major product of immature granulocytes. A more liberal correction (Benjamini and Hochberg correction) yielded 18 additional genes, 12 of which are IFN-regulated and 4 granulocyte-specific. Indeed immature neutrophils were identified in a large fraction of SLE patients white blood cells. High dose glucocorticoids, a standard treatment of disease flares, shuts down the interferon signature, further supporting the role of this cytokine in SLE. The expression of 10 genes correlated with disease activity according to the SLEDAI. The most striking correlation (P < 0.001, r = 0.55) was found with the formyl peptide receptor-like 1 protein that mediates chemotactic activities of defensins. Therefore, while the IFN signature confirms the central role of this cytokine in SLE, microarray analysis of blood cells reveals that immature granulocytes may be involved in SLE pathogenesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.