Evidence map›Paper›PMID 12634369›Full record

ArticleJournal of virology2003

Influenza A virus-infected hosts boost an invasive type of Streptococcus pyogenes infection in mice.

Shigefumi Okamoto, Shigetada Kawabata, Ichiro Nakagawa, Yoshinobu Okuno, Toshiyuki Goto, Kouichi Sano, Shigeyuki Hamada

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of virology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed
6.8field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 115 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
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  4. Role of viral coinfection in post-pandemic invasive Group A streptococcal infections in adults, a nation-wide cohort study (iGASWISS).European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025
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  6. A fulminant case ofWorld journal of emergency medicine · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Shigefumi OkamotoDepartment of Oral and Molecular Microbiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita-Osaka, Japan.
Shigetada Kawabata
Ichiro Nakagawa
Yoshinobu Okuno
Toshiyuki Goto
Kouichi Sano
Shigeyuki Hamada
Osaka University · JPOsaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University · JPJapan Science and Technology Agency · JPOsaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The apparent worldwide resurgence of invasive Streptococcus pyogenes infection in the last two decades remains unexplained. At present, animal models in which toxic shock-like syndrome or necrotizing fasciitis is induced after S. pyogenes infection are not well developed. We demonstrate here that infection with a nonlethal dose of influenza A virus 2 days before intranasal infection with a nonlethal dose of S. pyogenes strains led to a death rate of more than 90% in mice, 10% of which showed necrotizing fasciitis. Infection of lung alveolar epithelial cells by the influenza A virus resulted in viral hemagglutinin expression on the cell surface and promoted internalization of S. pyogenes. However, treatment with monoclonal antibodies to hemagglutinin markedly decreased this internalization. Our results indicate that prior infection with influenza A virus induces a lethal synergism, resulting in the induction of invasive S. pyogenes infection in mice.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntibodies, MonoclonalAntibodies, ViralCell LineFasciitis, NecrotizingFemaleHemagglutinins, ViralHumansInfluenza A virusInfluenza, HumanInterleukin-6MiceMice, Inbred BALB CMicroscopy, ElectronStreptococcal InfectionsStreptococcus pyogenesAntibodies, MonoclonalAntibodies, ViralHemagglutinins, ViralInterleukin-6Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Identifiers

PMID12634369
PMCPMC150641
OpenAlexW2143002313

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.