ArticleJournal of virology2003
The leader of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genomic RNA harbors an internal ribosome entry segment that is active during the G2/M phase of the cell cycle.
Article in Journal of virology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 122 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
122 citing papers in PubMed, 194 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- The Cap-Independent Translation of Survivin 5'UTR and HIV-1 IRES Sequences Is Inhibited by Oxidative Stress Produced byBiomolecules · 2026Article
- Beyond reverse transcription: molecular mechanisms and emerging paradigms in retroviral replication.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- DEAD-box helicase intrinsically disordered domains and structural dynamics of HIV-1 RNA are required to reveal DDX3X catalytic efficiency.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Discovery of functional factorless internal ribosome entry site-like structures through virome mining.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Non-AUG HIV-1 uORF translation elicits specific T cell immune response and regulates viral transcript expression.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Review
- Translation of HIV-1 unspliced RNA is regulated by 5' untranslated region structure.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Review
- Retroviral PBS-segment sequence and structure: Orchestrating early and late replication events.Retrovirology · 2024Review
- Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K promotes cap-independent translation initiation of retroviral mRNAs.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- HIV-1 Vpr Functions in Primary CD4Viruses · 2024Review
- TheViruses · 2024Article
- RNA-Protein Interactome at the Hepatitis E Virus Internal Ribosome Entry Site.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Review
- Subgenomic RNAs and Their Encoded Proteins Contribute to the Rapid Duplication of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Progression.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Upstream of N-Ras (Unr/CSDE1) Interacts with NCp7 and Gag, Modulating HIV-1 IRES-Mediated Translation Initiation.Viruses · 2022Article
- Enterovirus 71 Activates GADD34 via Precursor 3CD to Promote IRES-Mediated Viral Translation.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Review
- The double-stranded RNA-binding protein, Staufen1, is an IRES-transacting factor regulating HIV-1 cap-independent translation initiation.Nucleic acids research · 2022Article
62 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The 5' leader of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genomic RNA contains highly structured domains involved in key steps of the viral life cycle. These RNA domains inhibit cap-dependent protein synthesis. Here we report that the HIV-1 5' leader harbors an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) capable of driving protein synthesis during the G(2)/M cell cycle phase in which cap-dependent initiation is inhibited. The HIV-1 IRES was delineated with bicistronic mRNAs in in vitro and ex vivo assays. The HIV-1 leader IRES spans nucleotides 104 to 336 and partially overlaps the major determinants of genomic RNA packaging. These data strongly suggest that, as for HIV-1 transcription, IRES-mediated translation initiation could play an important role in virus replication during virus-induced G(2)/M cell cycle arrest.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.