ArticleCritical care (London, England)2003
Esophageal capnometry during hemorrhagic shock and after resuscitation in rats.
Article in Critical care (London, England), 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Regional capnometry to evaluate the adequacy of tissue perfusion.Journal of thoracic disease · 2019Review
- Monitoring CO2 in shock states.Journal of clinical monitoring and computing · 2015Review
- Reliable assessment of perfusion is the Holy Grail of intensive care.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2015Article
- Blood flow, not hypoxia, determines intramucosal PCO2.Critical care (London, England) · 2005Article
- The optimal endpoint of resuscitation in trauma patients.Critical care (London, England) · 2003Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSplanchnic perfusion following hypovolemic shock is an important marker of adequate resuscitation. We tested whether the gap between esophageal partial carbon dioxide tension (PeCO2) and arterial partial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) is increased during graded hemorrhagic hypotension and reversed after blood reinfusion, using a fiberoptic carbon dioxide sensor. MATERIALS AND
methodTen Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized, tracheotomized, and cannulated in one femoral artery and vein. A calibrated fiberoptic PCO2 probe was inserted into the distal third of the esophagus for determination of luminal PeCO2 during maintained anesthesia (pentobarbital 15 mg/kg per hour), normothermia (38 +/- 0.5 degrees C), and fluid balance (saline 5 ml/kg per hour). Three out of 10 rats were used to determine the limits of hemodynamic stability during gradual hemorrhage. Seven of the 10 rats were then subjected to mild and severe hemorrhage (15 and 20-25 ml/kg, respectively). Thirty minutes after severe hemorrhage, these rats were resuscitated by reinfusion of the shed blood. Arterial gas exchange, hemodynamic variables, and PeCO2 were recorded at each steady-state level of hemorrhage (at 30 and 60 min) and after resuscitation.
resultsThe PeCO2-PaCO2 gap was significantly increased after mild and severe hemorrhage and returned to baseline (prehemorrhagic) values following blood reinfusion. Base deficit increased significantly following severe hemorrhage and remained significantly elevated after blood reinfusion. Significant correlations were found between base deficit and PeCO2-PaCO2 (P < 0.002) and PeCO2 (P < 0.022). Blood bicarbonate concentration decreased significantly following mild and severe hemorrhage, but its recovery was not complete at 60 min after blood reinfusion.
conclusionEsophageal-arterial PCO2 gap increases during graded hemorrhagic hypotension and returns to baseline value after resuscitation without complete reversal of the base deficit. These data suggest that esophageal capnometry could be used as an alternative for gastric tonometry during management of hypovolemic shock.
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