ArticleJournal of virology2003
The human cytomegalovirus major immediate-early enhancer determines the efficiency of immediate-early gene transcription and viral replication in permissive cells at low multiplicity of infection.
Article in Journal of virology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review: cytomegalovirus infection in inflammatory bowel disease.Journal of gastroenterology · 2008Pooled it
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- Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived models to investigate human cytomegalovirus infection in neural cells.PloS one · 2012Article
- Early inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus: state-of-art and therapeutic perspectives.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2011Review
- The human cytomegalovirus gene products essential for late viral gene expression assemble into prereplication complexes before viral DNA replication.Journal of virology · 2011Article
- The activator protein 1 binding motifs within the human cytomegalovirus major immediate-early enhancer are functionally redundant and act in a cooperative manner with the NF-{kappa}B sites during acute infection.Journal of virology · 2011Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
To determine the effect of the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) major immediate-early (MIE) enhancer or promoter on the efficiency of viral replication in permissive human cells, we constructed recombinant viruses with their human MIE promoter, enhancer, and promoter plus enhancer replaced with the murine CMV components. After a low multiplicity of infection (MOI) (0.01 PFU/cell), recombinant human CMV with the murine CMV promoter replicated like the wild type but recombinant virus with the murine enhancer replicated less efficiently. Immediate-early (IE) viral protein pIE72 (UL123), early viral protein (UL44), and viral DNA synthesis were significantly decreased. The effect of the human CMV enhancer substitution with the murine CMV enhancer was also demonstrated in different cell types by using recombinant virus with the UL127 promoter, driving the expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP). After an MOI of 1, GFP expression was high with the human CMV enhancer and significantly lower with the murine CMV enhancer. Even though at a high MOI (10 PFU/cell), the murine CMV enhancer was as efficient as the human CMV enhancer for the transcription of IE genes in human foreskin fibroblast cells, at lower MOIs, the murine CMV enhancer was less efficient. Proximal and distal chimeras of the human and murine enhancers also replicated less efficiently at a low MOI and expressed lower levels of GFP from the UL127 promoter. These experiments demonstrate that the entire human CMV enhancer has evolved for the efficient expression of the viral IE and early genes in human cells. Possible functions of the human CMV enhancer and promoter at a low MOI are discussed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.