Trial reportThe Journal of infectious diseases2003
Breast-milk infectivity in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected mothers.
Trial report in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00270296 (Lopinavir/Ritonavir/Combivir vs. Abacavir/Zidovudine/Lamivudine for Virologic Efficacy and the Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission Among Breastfeeding Women With CD4 Counts Greater Than or Equal to 200 Cells/mm3 in Botswana), which is not on this map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Lopinavir/Ritonavir/Combivir vs. Abacavir/Zidovudine/Lamivudine for Virologic Efficacy and the Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission Among Breastfeeding Women With CD4 Counts Greater Than or Equal to 200 Cells/mm3 in Botswana
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 131 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antiretroviral therapy (ART) for treating HIV infection in ART-eligible pregnant women.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2010Pooled it
- Interventions for preventing late postnatal mother-to-child transmission of HIV.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2009Pooled it
- Temporal reduction of HIV type 1 viral load in breast milk by single-dose nevirapine during prevention of MTCT.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2009Trial
- Risk factors for late postnatal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in sub-Saharan Africa.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2008Trial
- Breast milk HIV-1 suppression and decreased transmission: a randomized trial comparing HIVNET 012 nevirapine versus short-course zidovudine.AIDS (London, England) · 2005Trial
- Immunization of laboratory animal workers: occupational health and safety aspects.Pathogens and global health · 2024Review
- Mouse maternal odontogenic infection withFrontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- HIV-Infected Mothers Who Decide to Breastfeed Their Infants Under Close Supervision in Belgium: About Two Cases.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2020Article
- What influences feeding decisions for HIV-exposed infants in rural Kenya?International breastfeeding journal · 2017Article
- Human breast milk: is it the best milk to prevent HIV transmission?Journal of virus eradication · 2016Article
- Breast Milk of HIV-Positive Mothers Has Potent and Species-Specific In Vivo HIV-Inhibitory Activity.Journal of virology · 2015Article
- HIV-exposed uninfected children: a growing population with a vulnerable immune system?Clinical and experimental immunology · 2014Review
- Adaptive HIV-specific B cell-derived humoral immune defenses of the intestinal mucosa in children exposed to HIV via breast-feeding.PloS one · 2013Article
- Human breast milk and antiretrovirals dramatically reduce oral HIV-1 transmission in BLT humanized mice.PLoS pathogens · 2012Article
- Cell-free (RNA) and cell-associated (DNA) HIV-1 and postnatal transmission through breastfeeding.PloS one · 2012Article
- The breadth and potency of passively acquired human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific neutralizing antibodies do not correlate with the risk of infant infection.Journal of virology · 2011Article
- CD4+ T cells spontaneously producing human immunodeficiency virus type I in breast milk from women with or without antiretroviral drugs.Retrovirology · 2011Article
- Cumulative exposure to cell-free HIV in breast milk, rather than feeding pattern per se, identifies postnatally infected infants.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2011Article
- MoMuLV-ts-1: A Unique Mouse Model of Retrovirus-Induced Lymphoma Transmitted by Breast Milk.Advances in virology · 2011Article
- Population attributable fractions for late postnatal mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Sub-Saharan Africa.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is transmitted through blood, genital secretions, and breast milk. The probability of heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 per sex act is.0003-.0015, but little is known regarding the risk of transmission per breast-milk exposure. We evaluated the probability of breast-milk transmission of HIV-1 per liter of breast milk ingested and per day of breast-feeding in a study of children born to HIV-1-infected mothers. The probability of breast-milk transmission of HIV-1 was.00064 per liter ingested and.00028 per day of breast-feeding. Breast-milk infectivity was significantly higher for mothers with more-advanced disease, as measured by prenatal HIV-1 RNA plasma levels and CD4 cell counts. The probability of HIV-1 infection per liter of breast milk ingested by an infant is similar in magnitude to the probability of heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 per unprotected sex act in adults.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.