ArticleOccupational and environmental medicine2003
Confounding and confounders.
Article in Occupational and environmental medicine, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Analgesic efficacy of local versus proximal nerve blocks after hallux valgus surgery: a systematic review.Journal of foot and ankle research · 2022Pooled it
- Intrapartum uterine activity and neonatal outcomes: a systematic review.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2020Pooled it
- A positive association between anxiety disorders and cannabis use or cannabis use disorders in the general population--a meta-analysis of 31 studies.BMC psychiatry · 2014Pooled it
- Arterial stiffness, lifestyle intervention and a low-calorie diet in morbidly obese patients-a nonrandomized clinical trial.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2013Trial
- Association of trimester-specific gestational weight gain with child BMI by maternal BMI categories in community-based healthcare organizations.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Article
- Automated candidate confounder scoping for adjustment in clinical research: a retrieval-augmented generation approach.BioData mining · 2026Article
- Gut microbial metabolic disorder in depression: insights from computational modeling and mediation analysis.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Association Between Unremitting PTSD and Smaller Right Hippocampal Volume Among Veterans 30 Years After Combat.The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2026Article
- Incidence and Risk Factors of Soil-Transmitted Helminths Among Vegetable Farmers of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Journal of tropical medicine · 2026Article
- Risk of incident stroke and heart disease subtypes in a nationwide cohort of Korean radiation workers.Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health · 2025Article
- Quantifying direct associations between variables.Fundamental research · 2025Article
- Article
- Exposure to volatile organic compounds and chronic respiratory disease mortality, a case-cohort study.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- Ethnic Enclaves and Incidence of Cancer Among US Ethnic Minorities in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Bariatric surgery and all-cause mortality: A methodological review of studies using a non-surgical comparator.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2024Review
- Article
- Trimester-specific rate of gestational weight loss or gain and birth size: differences by prepregnancy BMI.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2024Article
- Volatile organic compounds and mortality from ischemic heart disease: A case-cohort study.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2024Article
- Trauma, adversity, and biological aging: behavioral mechanisms relevant to treatment and theory.Translational psychiatry · 2024Review
- The Use of Contact Tracing Technologies for Infection Prevention and Control Purposes in Nosocomial Settings: A Systematic Literature Review.Infectious disease reports · 2024Review
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.