ArticleInfection and immunity2003
CD14- and Toll-like receptor-dependent activation of bladder epithelial cells by lipopolysaccharide and type 1 piliated Escherichia coli.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 154 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Epidemiological Evidence Supports the Role of Microbial Interactions in Polymicrobial UTI Infections Revealed by In Vitro Research.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Loss of Type 1 Pili and Flagella in UropathogenicPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- MANNosylation of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Modifies TLR4 Localization and NF-κB Translocation in T24 Bladder Cancer Cells.Advanced healthcare materials · 2024Article
- Lower Urinary Tract Inflammation and Infection: Key Microbiological and Immunological Aspects.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Effect of Mannan Oligosaccharides Extracts in UropathogenicPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Elevated expression of Toll-like receptor 4 and cytokines in both serum and myometrium at term may serve as promising biomarkers for uterine activation preceding labor.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Development, regeneration and tumorigenesis of the urothelium.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2022Review
- Article
- The glycobiology of uropathogenic E. coli infection: the sweet and bitter role of sugars in urinary tract immunity.Immunology · 2021Review
- What is the Cause of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection? Contemporary Microscopic Concepts of Pathophysiology.International neurourology journal · 2021Article
- In Vitro Reduction of Interleukin-8 Response toMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- The immune response to infection in the bladder.Nature reviews. Urology · 2020Review
- Innate immunity and urinary tract infection.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2020Review
- Effect of the Extracellular Vesicle RNA Cargo From UropathogenicFrontiers in molecular biosciences · 2020Article
- Interleukin-6/Stat3 signaling has an essential role in the host antimicrobial response to urinary tract infection.Kidney international · 2018Article
- Mitochondrial-Targeted Antioxidant MitoQ PreventsJournal of lipids · 2018Article
- The multiple antibacterial activities of the bladder epithelium.Annals of translational medicine · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli is the leading cause of urinary tract infection. The interaction between type 1 piliated E. coli and bladder epithelial cells leads to the rapid production of inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8. Conflicting reports have been published in the literature regarding the mechanism by which uroepithelial cells are activated by type 1 piliated E. coli. In particular, the role of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in these responses has been an area of significant debate. Much of the data arguing against LPS-mediated activation of bladder epithelial cells have come from studies using a renal epithelial cell line as an in vitro model of the urinary epithelium. In this report, we analyzed three bladder epithelial cell lines and demonstrated that they all respond to LPS. Furthermore, the LPS responsivity of the cell lines directly correlated with their ability to generate IL-6 after E. coli stimulation. The LPS receptor complex utilized by the bladder epithelial cell lines included CD14 and Toll-like receptors, and signaling involved the activation of NF-kappaB and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Also, reverse transcription-PCR analysis demonstrated that bladder epithelial cells express CD14 mRNA. Thus, the molecular machinery utilized by bladder epithelial cells for the recognition of E. coli is very similar to that described for traditional innate immune cells, such as macrophages. In contrast, the A498 renal epithelial cell line did not express CD14, was hyporesponsive to LPS stimulation, and demonstrated poor IL-6 responses to E. coli.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.