ReviewJournal of anatomy2003
The formation of skeletal muscle: from somite to limb.
Review in Journal of anatomy, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 354 papers.
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Who cites it
354 citing papers in PubMed.
- Integrating and Orchestrating Multiple Components of Skeletal Muscle Injury and Regeneration.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2026Article
- Persistent postnatal IGF2 expression alters adult skeletal architecture inBone reports · 2026Article
- Bone-Anchored CT Angiography Framework for In Vivo Assessment of Zygomaticus Major Morphology.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Piezo1 Mechanotransduction in Skeletal Muscle: Convergence with Noncoding RNA Regulation in Myogenesis, Regeneration, and Sarcopenia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Zfp36l1 Inhibits DNA Damage by Regulating p21-E2F1-Rad51 Signaling During Myogenic Differentiation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Combinatorial and Inducible CRISPRa/i Enables Canalized hiPSC Forward Programming and Iterative RefinementbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Bilateral Fusion of the Semitendinosus and Long Head of the Biceps Femoris Muscles in a Male Cadaver.Cureus · 2026Article
- Hyperglycaemia-Induced Metabolic Stress Promotes EMT-Driven Therapeutic Resistance in Cancer: Evidence of a Deleterious Feed-Forward Cycle.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- From Adult Morphology to Developmental Hypothesis: Variation of the Adult Lateral Wrist Extensors-A Developmental Viewpoint.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2026Article
- The Gracilis Muscle Reappraised: An Integrative Synthesis of Anatomy, Embryology, Imaging, and Surgical Applications.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Comparative Analysis of the Transcriptome of the Chicken Breast Muscle at Different Developmental Stages.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Immunotolerant Oligomer scaffolds promote regenerative remodeling and improved muscle structure and function after volumetric muscle loss.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Cellular senescence in musculoskeletal diseases: biological mechanisms and clinical implications.Theranostics · 2026Review
- Genetic architecture of craniofacial morphogenesis: roles ofFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Bilateral presentation of a flexor digiti minimi longus: an aberrant fifth digit flexor.Anatomy & cell biology · 2025Article
- The Function of the Lysophospholipase 1 (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Slow-twitch oxidative myofiber proportions and capillary number per myofiber are reduced in growth-restricted fetal sheep.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2025Article
- The Muscle-Bone Unit in Male Elite Soccer Players Aged 14-19.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- Exploring the landscape of circular RNAs in the development of skeletal muscle in Huaxi cattle.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Stage-specific and cell-autonomous functions of Delta-like 1 in skeletal muscle stem cells and myogenesis.Nature communications · 2025Article
294 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
During embryogenesis, skeletal muscle forms in the vertebrate limb from progenitor cells originating in the somites. These cells delaminate from the hypaxial edge of the dorsal part of the somite, the dermomyotome, and migrate into the limb bud, where they proliferate, express myogenic determination factors and subsequently differentiate into skeletal muscle. A number of regulatory factors involved in these different steps have been identified. These include Pax3 with its target c-met, Lbx1 and Mox2 as well as the myogenic determination factors Myf5 and MyoD and factors required for differentiation such as Myogenin, Mrf4 and Mef2 isoforms. Mutants for genes such as Lbx1 and Mox2, expressed uniformly in limb muscle progenitors, reveal unexpected differences between fore and hind limb muscles, also indicated by the differential expression of Tbx genes. As development proceeds, a secondary wave of myogenesis takes place, and, postnatally, satellite cells become located under the basal lamina of adult muscle fibres. Satellite cells are thought to be the progenitor cells for adult muscle regeneration, during which similar genes to those which regulate myogenesis in the embryo also play a role. In particular, Pax3 as well as its orthologue Pax7 are important. The origin of secondary/fetal myoblasts and of adult satellite cells is unclear, as is the relation of the latter to so-called SP or stem cell populations, or indeed to potential mesangioblast progenitors, present in blood vessels. The oligoclonal origin of postnatal muscles points to a small number of founder cells, whether or not these have additional origins to the progenitor cells of the somite which form the first skeletal muscles, as discussed here for the embryonic limb.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.