ArticleThe EMBO journal2003
Galpha(s) is palmitoylated at the N-terminal glycine.
Article in The EMBO journal, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- From lipid modification to cell death: the diverse roles of S-palmitoylation in cell fate decisions.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Heterotrimeric G proteins containing Gβ1γ2 subunits exhibit subtype-specific mobility differences in live cells.PloS one · 2026Article
- Article
- Class A and B GPCRs trigger rapid GαCommunications biology · 2025Article
- Recent advances in S-palmitoylation and its emerging roles in human diseases.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Review
- G Protein-Coupled Receptor Dimerization-What Next?International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Impact of Protein NLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Mapping the conformational landscape of the stimulatory heterotrimeric G protein.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2023Article
- Post-translational palmitoylation of metabolic proteins.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Review
- Every Detail Matters. That Is, How the Interaction between Gα Proteins and Membrane Affects Their Function.Membranes · 2021Review
- Glycine acylation and trafficking of a new class of bacterial lipoprotein by a composite secretion system.eLife · 2021Article
- Regulation of Dynamic Protein S-Acylation.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Review
- Post-translational Modifications of the Protein Termini.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Post-translational Modifications of Opioid Receptors.Trends in neurosciences · 2020Review
- Disruption of palmitate-mediated localization; a shared pathway of force and anesthetic activation of TREK-1 channels.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Biomembranes · 2020Review
- Article
- Effects of Post-translational Modifications on Membrane Localization and Signaling of Prostanoid GPCR-G Protein Complexes and the Role of Hypoxia.The Journal of membrane biology · 2019Review
- The BEACH Protein LRBA Promotes the Localization of the Heterotrimeric G-protein GScientific reports · 2017Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Covalent lipid attachments are essential co- and post-translational modifications for signalling proteins. Galpha(s), the alpha-subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein that activates adenylyl cyclase, is known to be palmitoylated at the third N-terminal amino acid, a cysteine. Palmitoylation is involved in anchoring Galpha(s) to the membrane by increasing its intrinsic hydrophobicity. We identified by mass spectrometry a second, functionally even more important, covalent modification. It consists of another palmitoyl residue attached to the preceding glycine (Gly(2)). Palmitoylation at this position has profound consequences for levels of signal transduction. It sensitizes the cell up to 200-fold for adenylyl cyclase-stimulating agents. The inhibitory inputs mediated by Galpha(i) are downregulated to <10%. Thereby, Gly(2)-palmitoylation of Galpha(s) relieves cellular stimulation at the level of adenylyl cyclase whereas it renders the inhibitory modulation via Galpha(i) more difficult.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.