ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2003
Characterization of human thioredoxin-like 2. A novel microtubule-binding thioredoxin expressed predominantly in the cilia of lung airway epithelium and spermatid manchette and axoneme.
Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Heme-binding protein CYB5D1 couples intraflagellar redox to calcium signaling for coordinated flagellar beating.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Functional Diversity and Emerging Roles of Human NME/NDPK Group II Proteins.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A High-Resolution Subcellular Map of Proteins in Cells with Motile Cilia.Journal of proteome research · 2026Article
- Nucleoside diphosphate kinase strongly promotes GDP and ADP metabolism in the cell and affects endogenous proton leak in mitochondria - the kinase is hampered by oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Respiratory Ciliary Beat Frequency in COPD: Balancing Oxidative Stress and Pharmacological Treatment.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Oxidative stress markers 8-OHdG, Trx-1, and Prx6 are expressed in seminoma and are connected to TXNDC2, 3, and 6 expression levels.Histology and histopathology · 2025Article
- Variable microtubule architecture in the malaria parasite.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Sperm Redox System Equilibrium: Implications for Fertilization and Male Fertility.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Article
- Cryo-EM structure of cortical microtubules from human parasite Toxoplasma gondii identifies their microtubule inner proteins.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Heme-binding protein CYB5D1 is a radial spoke component required for coordinated ciliary beating.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Testis-Specific Thioredoxins TXNDC2, TXNDC3, and TXNDC6 Are Expressed in Both Testicular and Systemic DLBCL and Correlate with Clinical Disease Presentation.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2021Article
- Article
- Characterization of Nme5-Like Gene/Protein from the Red AlgaMarine drugs · 2019Article
- Substrate specificity of thioredoxins and glutaredoxins - towards a functional classification.Heliyon · 2019Article
- Redox regulation of motile cilia in airway disease.Redox biology · 2019Review
- General and specific promotion of flagellar assembly by a flagellar nucleoside diphosphate kinase.Molecular biology of the cell · 2017Article
- The advantage of channeling nucleotides for very processive functions.F1000Research · 2017Review
- Modulation of cytoskeletal dynamics by mammalian nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) proteins.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2015Review
- Peroxiredoxins: hidden players in the antioxidant defence of human spermatozoa.Basic and clinical andrology · 2014Article
- Novel thioredoxin-like proteins are components of a protein complex coating the cortical microtubules of Toxoplasma gondii.Eukaryotic cell · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We describe here the cloning and characterization of a novel member of the thioredoxin family, thioredoxin-like protein 2 (Txl-2). The Txl-2 open reading frame codes for a protein of 330 amino acids consisting of two distinct domains: an N-terminal domain typical of thioredoxins and a C-terminal domain belonging to the nucleoside-diphosphate kinase family, separated by a small interface domain. The Txl-2 gene spans approximately 28 kb, is organized into 11 exons, and maps at locus 3q22.3-q23. A splicing variant lacking exon 5 (Delta 5Txl-2) has also been isolated. By quantitative real time PCR we demonstrate that Txl-2 mRNA is ubiquitously expressed, with testis and lung having the highest levels of expression. Unexpectedly, light and electron microscopy analyses show that the protein is associated with microtubular structures such as lung airway epithelium cilia and the manchette and axoneme of spermatids. Using in vitro translated proteins, we demonstrate that full-length Txl-2 weakly associates with microtubules. In contrast, Delta 5Txl-2 specifically binds with very high affinity brain microtubule preparations containing microtubule-binding proteins. Importantly, Delta 5Txl-2 also binds to pure microtubules, proving that it possesses intrinsic microtubule binding capability. Taken together, Delta 5Txl-2 is the first thioredoxin reported to bind microtubules and might therefore be a novel regulator of microtubule physiology.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.