ArticleInfection and immunity2003
Apoptotic killing and phagocytosis of host cells by the parasite Entamoeba histolytica.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 144 citations in OpenAlex.
- The dual role of intestinal parasites in shaping human gut microbiota: distinguishing helminthic and protozoan dynamics.Gut pathogens · 2026Review
- The effect of Entamoeba histolytica lectin antigen and microRNA-643 on the development of microsatellite instability (MSI) in colorectal adenocarcinoma.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Endocytosis in anaerobic parasitic protists.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2024Review
- Trogocytosis in Unicellular Eukaryotes.Cells · 2021Review
- An atypical EhGEF regulates phagocytosis in Entamoeba histolytica through EhRho1.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Revisiting the Mechanisms of Immune Evasion Employed by Human Parasites.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
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- EhRab21 associates with the Golgi apparatus in Entamoeba histolytica.Parasitology research · 2020Article
- Apoptotic mimicry as a strategy for the establishment of parasitic infections: parasite- and host-derived phosphatidylserine as key molecule.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2020Review
- Uncovering the Cyclic AMP Signaling Pathway of the Protozoan ParasiteFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Article
- Functional Characterization of an Interferon Gamma Receptor-Like Protein on Entamoeba histolytica.Infection and immunity · 2019Article
- Review
- EhP3, a homolog of 14-3-3 family of protein participates in actin reorganization and phagocytosis in Entamoeba histolytica.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
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- Article
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- Entamoeba histolytica under Oxidative Stress: What Countermeasure Mechanisms Are in Place?Cells · 2017Review
- Inhibition of Amebic Lysosomal Acidification Blocks Amebic Trogocytosis and Cell Killing.mBio · 2017Article
- Tumor suppressor p53 induces apoptosis of host lymphocytes experimentally infected by Leishmania major, by activation of Bax and caspase-3: a possible survival mechanism for the parasite.Parasitology research · 2017Article
- The Monomeric GTPase Rab35 Regulates Phagocytic Cup Formation and Phagosomal Maturation inThe Journal of biological chemistry · 2017Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The ability of Entamoeba histolytica to kill and phagocytose host cells correlates with parasite virulence. This study addressed the role of apoptotic cell killing and host cell phosphatidylserine exposure in the subsequent phagocytosis of Jurkat T cells by E. histolytica. Ingested host cells were apoptotic, as evidenced by the activation of caspase 3 in 88% +/- 3% (mean and standard deviation [SD] of the mean) of Jurkat cells engulfed by E. histolytica; ingested cells without detectable active caspase 3 were already disrupted and partially digested. That apoptotic cell killing preceded phagocytosis was supported by the demonstration that a higher percentage of amebae ingested apoptotic cells than ingested healthy cells (62% +/- 7% versus 30% +/- 9%, respectively [mean and SD]) (P = 0.008). E. histolytica also ingested apoptotic Jurkat cells more rapidly than necrotic control cells (8.5% +/- 0.4% versus 3.5% +/- 0.7%, respectively [mean and SD]) (P < 0.001). The inhibition of amebic cytotoxicity with D-galactose (which blocks the amebic Gal/GalNAc lectin) blocked the phagocytosis of healthy cells by greater than 80%, providing further evidence that apoptosis preceded engulfment. In contrast, D-galactose blocked the phagocytosis of already apoptotic cells by only 40%, implicating an additional host ligand (besides D-galactose) in amebic engulfment of apoptotic cells. The most characteristic surface change on apoptotic cells is phosphatidylserine exposure. Consistent with a role for host cell phosphatidylserine exposure in amebic ingestion of killed cells, Jurkat cell phosphatidylserine was exposed during incubation with E. histolytica (27% +/- 1% [mean and SD] specific increase at 30 min) (the P value versus the control was 0.0003). Approximately 50% more amebae ingested viable Jurkat cells expressing phosphatidylserine on the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane than ingested control cells (30.3% +/- 2.2% versus 19.8% +/- 1.9%, respectively [mean and SD]) (P = 0.003). By analogy with phagocytic clearance during apoptosis in metazoans, amebic apoptotic host cell killing followed by phagocytosis may limit inflammation and enable amebae to evade the host immune response.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.