ArticleJournal of virology2003
Influence of reverse transcriptase variants, drugs, and Vpr on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mutant frequencies.
Article in Journal of virology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV-1 Vpr Functions in Primary CD4Viruses · 2024Review
- HIV-1 Vpr-induced DNA damage activates NF-κB through ATM-NEMO independent of cell cycle arrest.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Functional and Highly Cross-Linkable HIV-1 Envelope Glycoproteins Enriched in a Pretriggered Conformation.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Lethal Mutagenesis of RNA Viruses and Approved Drugs with Antiviral Mutagenic Activity.Viruses · 2022Review
- Physiological magnesium concentrations increase fidelity of diverse reverse transcriptases from HIV-1, HIV-2, and foamy virus, but not MuLV or AMV.The Journal of general virology · 2021Article
- Mutation Rates, Mutation Frequencies, and Proofreading-Repair Activities in RNA Virus Genetics.Viruses · 2021Review
- The Determination of HIV-1 RT Mutation Rate, Its Possible Allosteric Effects, and Its Implications on Drug Resistance.Viruses · 2020Review
- Fidelity of classwide-resistant HIV-2 reverse transcriptase and differential contribution of K65R to the accuracy of HIV-1 and HIV-2 reverse transcriptases.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Population Heterogeneity in Mutation Rate Increases the Frequency of Higher-Order Mutants and Reduces Long-Term Mutational Load.Molecular biology and evolution · 2017Article
- Article
- HIV-1 and HIV-2 exhibit similar mutation frequencies and spectra in the absence of G-to-A hypermutation.Retrovirology · 2015Article
- Extremely High Mutation Rate of HIV-1 In Vivo.PLoS biology · 2015Article
- Review
- Mutations in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase affect the errors made in a single cycle of viral replication.Journal of virology · 2014Article
- The high cost of fidelity.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2014Review
- Altered error specificity of RNase H-deficient HIV-1 reverse transcriptases during DNA-dependent DNA synthesis.Nucleic acids research · 2013Article
- Interrelationship between HIV-1 fitness and mutation rate.Journal of molecular biology · 2013Article
- Retrovolution: HIV-driven evolution of cellular genes and improvement of anticancer drug activation.PLoS genetics · 2012Article
- HIV-1 Vpr loads uracil DNA glycosylase-2 onto DCAF1, a substrate recognition subunit of a cullin 4A-ring E3 ubiquitin ligase for proteasome-dependent degradation.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2010Article
- Nature, position, and frequency of mutations made in a single cycle of HIV-1 replication.Journal of virology · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The evolution of drug resistance is a major complication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) chemotherapy. HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) is a major target of antiretroviral therapy and ultimately the target of drug resistance mutations. Previous studies have indicated that drug-resistant HIV-1 RTs can alter HIV-1 mutant frequencies. In this study, we have tested a panel of HIV-1 RT variants for their ability to influence virus mutant frequencies. The RT variants tested included drug-resistant RT variants as well as other variants analyzed in enzyme fidelity studies with the lacZalpha gene as a mutation target and/or implicated as being important for enzyme fidelity by structural studies. Combinations of mutations that alone had a statistically significant influence on virus mutant frequencies resulted in different mutant frequency phenotypes. Furthermore, when virus replication occurred in the presence of drugs [e.g., 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine, (-)2/,3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine, hydroxyurea, thymidine, or thioguanine] with selected RT variants, virus mutant frequencies increased. Similarly, Vpr variants deficient for binding to the uracil DNA glycosylase repair enzyme were observed to influence HIV-1 virus mutant frequencies when tested alone or in combination with RT variants. In summary, these observations indicate that HIV-1 mutant frequencies can significantly change by single amino acid substitutions in RT and that these effects can be altered by additional mutations in RT, by drugs, and/or by expression of Vpr variants. Such altered virus mutant frequencies could impact HIV-1 dynamics and evolution in small population sizes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.