ArticleBiophysical journal2003
Osmotic properties of poly(ethylene glycols): quantitative features of brush and bulk scaling laws.
Article in Biophysical journal, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 126 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development of collagenous filaments with tuneable mechanical properties using a 3D bioprinter and molecular crowding.Biofabrication · 2026Article
- Article
- Engineered molecular sensors for quantifying cell surface crowding.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Resolving the different bulk moduli within individual soft nanogels using small-angle neutron scattering.Science advances · 2022Article
- Emergence of Non-Hexagonal Crystal Packing of Deswollen and Deformed Ultra-Soft Microgels under Osmotic Pressure Control.Macromolecular rapid communications · 2021Article
- Article
- Structural Changes in Polymeric Gel Scaffolds Around the Overlap Concentration.Frontiers in chemistry · 2019Article
- The Optimal PEG for Kidney Preservation: A Preclinical Porcine Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Article
- Processable high internal phase Pickering emulsions using depletion attraction.Nature communications · 2017Article
- Nonfouling NTA-PEG-Based TEM Grid Coatings for Selective Capture of Histidine-Tagged Protein Targets from Cell Lysates.Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids · 2016Article
- Core-Shell Structure of Monodisperse Poly(ethylene glycol)-Grafted Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Studied by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering.Chemistry of materials : a publication of the American Chemical Society · 2015Article
- Functional PEG-PAMAM-tetraphosphonate capped NaLnF₄ nanoparticles and their colloidal stability in phosphate buffer.Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids · 2014Article
- Uptake and transfection efficiency of PEGylated cationic liposome-DNA complexes with and without RGD-tagging.Biomaterials · 2014Article
- Quantitation of nanoparticle accumulation in flow using optimized microfluidic chambers.Journal of drug targeting · 2014Article
- Polymers pushing Polymers: Polymer Mixtures in Thermodynamic Equilibrium with a Pore.Macromolecules · 2012Article
- Effects of long DNA folding and small RNA stem-loop in thermophoresis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2012Article
- Real-time monitoring of surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization using silicon photonic microring resonators: implications for combinatorial screening of polymer brush growth conditions.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2011Article
- Coarse-grained model for PEGylated lipids: effect of PEGylation on the size and shape of self-assembled structures.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2011Article
- A coarse-grained model for polyethylene oxide and polyethylene glycol: conformation and hydrodynamics.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2009Article
- Gelation of Covalently Cross-Linked PEG-Heparin Hydrogels.Macromolecules · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
From glycosylated cell surfaces to sterically stabilized liposomes, polymers attached to membranes attract biological and therapeutic interest. Can the scaling laws of polymer "brushes" describe the physical properties of these coats? We delineate conditions where the Alexander-de Gennes theory of polymer brushes successfully fits the intermembrane distance versus applied osmotic stress data of Kenworthy et al. for poly(ethylene glycol)-grafted multilamellar liposomes. We establish that the polymer density and size in the brush must be high enough that, in a bulk solution of equivalent monomer density, the polymer osmotic pressure is independent of polymer molecular weight (the des Cloizeaux semidilute regime of bulk polymer solutions). The condition that attached polymers behave as semidilute bulk solutions offers a rigorous criterion for brush scaling-law behavior. There is a deep connection between the behaviors of semidilute polymer solutions in bulk and polymers grafted to a surface at a density such that neighbors pack to form a uniform brush. In this regime, two-parameter unconstrained fits of the Alexander-de Gennes brush scaling laws to the Kenworthy et al. data yield effective monomer lengths of 3.3-3.6 A, which agree with structural predictions. The fitted distances between grafting sites are larger than expected from the nominal mole fraction of poly(ethylene glycol)-lipids; the chains apparently saturate the surface. Osmotic stress measurements can be used to estimate the actual densities of membrane-grafted polymers.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.