ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2003
Survival and growth of Francisella tularensis in Acanthamoeba castellanii.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 153 papers.
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Who cites it
153 citing papers in PubMed, 338 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain in humans.Vaccine · 2009Trial
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- Genetic Factors ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Acanthamoeba spp.: Neglected Protists in Veterinary Medicine.Acta parasitologica · 2025Review
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- Non-vaccinal prophylaxis of tularemia.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Diverse roles of low-molecular weight thiol GSH inCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2024Article
- Discovery of a glutathione utilization pathway in Francisella that shows functional divergence between environmental and pathogenic species.Cell host & microbe · 2023Article
- Tularemia in Pregnant Woman, Serbia, 2018.Emerging infectious diseases · 2023Article
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- Biological characteristics and pathogenicity ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Why vary what's working? Phase variation and biofilm formation inFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Amoebae can promote the survival ofEmerging microbes & infections · 2021Article
- Microbial warfare in the wild-the impact of protists on the evolution and virulence of bacterial pathogens.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2021Review
- Disruption of the Francisella noatunensis subsp.Infection and immunity · 2021Article
- War of the microbial world: Acanthamoeba spp. interactions with microorganisms.Folia microbiologica · 2021Review
- Presence ofMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- Type VI Secretion System and Its Effectors PdpC, PdpD, and OpiA Contribute toInfection and immunity · 2021Article
93 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Francisella tularensis is a highly infectious, facultative intracellular bacterium which causes epidemics of tularemia in both humans and mammals at regular intervals. The natural reservoir of the bacterium is largely unknown, although it has been speculated that protozoa may harbor it. To test this hypothesis, Acanthamoeba castellanii was cocultured with a strain of F. tularensis engineered to produce green fluorescent protein (GFP) in a nutrient-rich medium. GFP fluorescence within A. castellanii was then monitored by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. In addition, extracellular bacteria were distinguished from intracellular bacteria by targeting with monoclonal antibodies. Electron microscopy was used to determine the intracellular location of F. tularensis in A. castellanii, and viable counts were obtained for both extracellular and intracellular bacteria. The results showed that many F. tularensis cells were located intracellularly in A. castellanii cells. The bacteria multiplied within intracellular vacuoles and eventually killed many of the host cells. F. tularensis was found in intact trophozoites, excreted vesicles, and cysts. Furthermore, F. tularensis grew faster in cocultures with A. castellanii than it did when grown alone in the same medium. This increase in growth was accompanied by a decrease in the number of A. castellanii cells. The interaction between F. tularensis and amoebae demonstrated in this study indicates that ubiquitous protozoa might be an important environmental reservoir for F. tularensis.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.