ArticleJournal of virology2003
Identification of gp120 binding sites on CXCR4 by using CD4-independent human immunodeficiency virus type 2 Env proteins.
Article in Journal of virology, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- CAR T cell therapy beyond cancer: current status, challenges and future prospects.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- CXCR4 mediated recognition of HIV envelope spike and inhibition by CXCL12.Nature communications · 2025Article
- HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 modulation of glutamate effects on cortical neuronal synapses: implications for HIV-1-associated neuropathogenesis.International journal of physiology, pathophysiology and pharmacology · 2023Article
- Integrating deep mutational scanning and low-throughput mutagenesis data to predict the impact of amino acid variants.GigaScience · 2022Article
- Endogenous Peptide Inhibitors of HIV Entry.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Article
- CXCL12-PLGA/Pluronic Nanoparticle Internalization Abrogates CXCR4-Mediated Cell Migration.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Molecular Mechanism of HIV-1 Entry.Trends in microbiology · 2019Review
- Effects of HIV-1 gp120 and TAT-derived microvesicles on endothelial cell function.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2019Article
- Convective forces increase CXCR4-dependent glioblastoma cell invasion in GL261 murine model.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Antiviral Activity of HIV gp120-Targeting Bispecific T Cell Engager Antibody Constructs.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- A genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies a restricted set of HIV host dependency factors.Nature genetics · 2017Article
- Replacement of the V3 domain in the surface subunit of the feline immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein with the equivalent region of a T cell-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 results in a chimeric surface protein that efficiently binds to CXCR4.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2014Article
- The transmembrane domain and acidic lipid flip-flop regulates voltage-dependent fusion mediated by class II and III viral proteins.PloS one · 2013Article
- Mimicking Protein-Protein Interactions through Peptide-Peptide Interactions: HIV-1 gp120 and CXCR4.Frontiers in immunology · 2013Article
- Effects of stabilization of the gp41 cytoplasmic domain on fusion activity and infectivity of SIVmac239.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2011Article
- Cytotoxic effect of HIV-1 gp120 on primary cultured human retinal capillary endothelial cells.Molecular vision · 2011Article
- Computer-based design of novel HIV-1 entry inhibitors: neomycin conjugated to arginine peptides at two specific sites.Journal of molecular modeling · 2009Article
- Replication-competent variants of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 lacking the V3 loop exhibit resistance to chemokine receptor antagonists.Journal of virology · 2007Article
- The role of the N-terminal segment of CCR5 in HIV-1 Env-mediated membrane fusion and the mechanism of virus adaptation to CCR5 lacking this segment.Retrovirology · 2007Article
- Structure and function of the HIV envelope glycoprotein as entry mediator, vaccine immunogen, and target for inhibitors.Advances in pharmacology (San Diego, Calif.) · 2007Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian (SIV) immunodeficiency virus entry is mediated by binding of the viral envelope glycoprotein (Env) to CD4 and chemokine receptors, CCR5 and/or CXCR4. CD4 induces extensive conformational changes that expose and/or induce formation of a chemokine receptor binding site on gp120. CD4-independent Env's of HIV type 1 (HIV-1), HIV-2, and SIV have been identified that exhibit exposed chemokine receptor binding sites and can bind directly to CCR5 or CXCR4 in the absence of CD4. While many studies have examined determinants for gp120-CCR5 binding, analysis of gp120-CXCR4 binding has been hindered by the apparently lower affinity of this interaction for X4-tropic HIV-1 isolates. We show here that gp120 proteins from two CD4-independent HIV-2 Env's, VCP and ROD/B, bind directly to CXCR4 with an apparently high affinity. By use of CXCR4 N-terminal deletion constructs, CXCR4-CXCR2 chimeras, and human-rat CXCR4 chimeras, binding determinants were shown to reside in the amino (N) terminus, extracellular loop 2 (ECL2), and ECL3. Alanine-scanning mutagenesis of charged residues, tyrosines, and phenylalanines in extracellular CXCR4 domains implicated multiple amino acids in the N terminus (E14/E15, D20, Y21, and D22), ECL2 (D187, R188, F189, Y190, and D193), and ECL3 (D262, E268, E277, and E282) in binding, although minor differences were noted between VCP and ROD/B. However, mutations in CXCR4 that markedly reduced binding did not necessarily hinder cell-cell fusion by VCP or ROD/B, especially in the presence of CD4. These gp120 proteins will be useful in dissecting determinants for CXCR4 binding and Env triggering and in evaluating pharmacologic inhibitors of the gp120-CXCR4 interaction.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.