ArticleGenes & development2002
The housekeeping gene xanthine oxidoreductase is necessary for milk fat droplet enveloping and secretion: gene sharing in the lactating mammary gland.
Article in Genes & development, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 209 citations in OpenAlex.
- One Hundred Years of Sulfido Ligand in the Molybdenum Cofactor: New Perspectives.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026Review
- A nonsense mutation in the Mocos gene induces xanthinuria, obstructive nephropathy, and anemia in rats.Experimental animals · 2026Article
- Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 is vital for milk lipid synthesis: Deletion impairs mammary gland and neonatal development.Journal of lipid research · 2025Article
- Transcriptomic profiling of milk fat globules in cows with different β-casein genotypes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Disease-Associated Mutations of the STAT5B SH2 Domain Regulate Cytokine-Driven Enhancer Function and Mammary Development.Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2025Article
- Pseudogenization of the Slc23a4 gene is necessary for the survival of Xdh-deficient mice.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the relationship between xanthine oxidase activity and metabolic syndrome in a population group in Bangladesh.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The Effects ofACS omega · 2024Article
- Xanthine oxidase promotes hepatic lipid accumulation through high fat absorption by the small intestine.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2024Article
- STAT5B SH2 variants disrupt mammary enhancers and the stability of genetic programs during pregnancy.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- The presence of xanthine dehydrogenase is crucial for the maturation of the rat kidneys.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2024Article
- Using QTL to Identify Genes and Pathways Underlying the Regulation and Production of Milk Components in Cattle.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- Comparative proteomic analysis of human milk fat globules and paired membranes and mouse milk fat globules identifies core cellular systems contributing to mammary lipid trafficking and secretion.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Article
- Lack of xanthine dehydrogenase leads to a remarkable renal decline in a novel hypouricemic rat model.iScience · 2022Article
- Mammalian tumor-like organs. 1. The role of tumor-like normal organs and atypical tumor organs in the evolution of development (carcino-evo-devo).Infectious agents and cancer · 2022Review
- Perilipin-2 promotes lipid droplet-plasma membrane interactions that facilitate apocrine lipid secretion in secretory epithelial cells of the mouse mammary gland.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Article
- Occludin is a target of Src kinase and promotes lipid secretion by binding to BTN1a1 and XOR.PLoS biology · 2022Article
- The butyrophilin 1a1 knockout mouse revisited: Ablation ofFASEB bioAdvances · 2021Article
- Influence of xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor, topiroxostat, on body weight of diabetic obese mice.Nutrition & diabetes · 2021Article
- Xanthine Oxidoreductase-Mediated Superoxide Production Is Not Involved in the Age-Related Pathologies inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is the rate-limiting enzyme in purine catabolism occurring in most cell types. However, this housekeeping gene is expressed at very high levels in a number of mammalian tissues including the lactating mammary epithelium, suggesting additional roles for XOR in these tissues. Mice with targeted disruption of XOR were generated to assess these potential additional roles. XOR-/- mice are runted and do not live beyond 6 wk of age. Strikingly, however, XOR+/- females, although of healthy appearance and normal fertility, are unable to maintain lactation and their pups die of starvation 2 wk postpartum. Histological and whole-mount analyses showed that in XOR+/- females the mammary epithelium collapses, resulting in premature involution of the mammary gland. Electron microscopy showed that XOR is specifically required for enveloping milk fat droplets with the apical plasma membrane prior to secretion from the lactating mammary gland. We present evidence that XOR may have primarily a structural role, as a membrane-associated protein, in milk fat droplet secretion and thus XOR provides another example of "gene sharing". About 5% of women experience primary lactation insufficiency. The above observations suggest that human females suffering from xanthinuria, a deficiency in XOR, are potential candidates for lactation problems.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.