ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2003
In vitro drug interaction modeling of combinations of azoles with terbinafine against clinical Scedosporium prolificans isolates.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 251 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fusarium species,Scedosporium species, and Lomentospora prolificans: A systematic review to inform the World Health Organization priority list of fungal pathogens.Medical mycology · 2024Pooled it
- Establishment of epidemiological cutoff values againstJournal of clinical microbiology · 2026Article
- Thymol Chemotype Thymus vulgaris L. Hydrolate: Volatile Chemical Fraction Composition and Antimicrobial Activity Against Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Article
- Article
- In Vitro Evaluation of 5-Fluorouridine as an Adjuvant to Antifungal Drugs and Molecular Insights into Resistance to This Compound inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Synergistic effect of lactoferrin combined with fluconazole to overcome antifungal resistance in Candida species.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2025Article
- Aspirin Combined with Antifungal Drugs SuppressesJournal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Diagnosis and management of invasive fungal infections due to non-Aspergillus moulds.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2025Review
- Dematiaceous Molds.Infectious disease clinics of North America · 2025Review
- Successful Treatment of Lomentospora Prolificans Infection Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report and Literature Review.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Diverse antifungal potency of terbinafine as a therapeutic agent against Exophiala dermatitidis in vitro.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Combination of Farnesol with Common Antifungal Drugs: Inhibitory Effect againstMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Non-Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Case report: COVID-19-associated mucormycosis co-infection withFrontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Non-European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2022Article
- Multicenter Collaborative Study of the Interaction of Antifungal Combinations againstJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Clinical utility of antifungal susceptibility testing.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2022Review
- Spectrophotometric detection of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus with the EUCAST broth microdilution method: is it time for automated MIC reading of EUCAST antifungal susceptibility testing of Aspergillus species?The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2022Article
- Augmenting Azoles with Drug Synergy to Expand the Antifungal Toolbox.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Fungal osteomyelitis and septic arthritis in an immune competent man: The first report of invasive osteoarticular infection due toMedical mycology case reports · 2021Article
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The in vitro interaction between terbinafine and the azoles voriconazole, miconazole, and itraconazole against five clinical Scedosporium prolificans isolates after 48 and 72 h of incubation was tested by a microdilution checkerboard (eight-by-twelve) technique. The antifungal effects of the drugs alone and in combination on the fungal biomass as well as on the metabolic activity of fungi were measured using a spectrophotometric method and two colorimetric methods, based on the lowest drug concentrations showed 75 and 50% growth inhibition (MIC-1 and MIC-2, respectively). The nature and the intensity of the interactions were assessed using a nonparametric approach (fractional inhibitory concentration [FIC] index model) and a fully parametric response surface approach (Greco model) of the Loewe additivity (LA) no-interaction theory as well as a nonparametric (Prichard model) and a semiparametric response surface approaches of the Bliss independence (BI) no-interaction theory. Statistically significant synergy was found between each of the three azoles and terbinafine in all cases, although with different intensities. A 27- to 64-fold and 16- to 90-fold reduction of the geometric mean of the azole and terbinafine MICs, respectively, was observed when they were combined, resulting in FIC indices of <1 to 0.02. Using the MIC-1 higher levels of synergy were obtained, which were more consistent between the two incubation periods than using the MIC-2. The strongest synergy among the azoles was found with miconazole using the BI-based models and with voriconazole using the LA-based models. The synergistic effects both on fungal growth and metabolic activity were more potent after 72 h of incubation. Fully parametric approaches in combination with the modified colorimetric method might prove useful for testing the in vitro interaction of antifungal drugs against filamentous fungi.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.