Evidence map›Paper›PMID 12498954›Full record

ArticleNeurobiology of aging

Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson's disease.

Heiko Braak, Kelly Del Tredici, Udo Rüb, Rob A I de Vos, Ernst N H Jansen Steur, Eva Braak

8 registry-linked trialsAbstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neurobiology of aging. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 8 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 4,783 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4,783citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
46.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT00387075 phase2unknown statusnot on this map

Parkinson Associated Risk Factor Study (PARS): Evaluating Potential Screening Tools for Parkinson Disease

TypeinterventionalSponsorInstitute for Neurodegenerative DisordersRan2006 to 2023Enrolled3,000ConditionsParkinson DiseaseArms[123I]β-CIT and SPECT imaging, [123I]β-CIT
NCT02578849 unknown statusnot on this map

Common Noradrenergic Mechanisms in Parkinson´s Disease and L-DOPA Induced Dyskinesia and Healthy Age Matched Controls; [11C]Yohimbine and [11C]MeNER PET

TypeobservationalSponsorAarhus University HospitalRan2012 to 2016Enrolled45ConditionsParkinson´s DiseaseArmsL-DOPA
NCT03775096 phase2active not recruitingnot on this map

The Effect of Adrenergic Blocker Therapy on Cardiac and Striatal Transporter Uptake in Pre-Motor and Symptomatic Parkinson's Disease

TypeinterventionalSponsorMichele Tagliati, MDRan2019 to 2026Enrolled15ConditionsREM Sleep Behavior Disorder, Pre-motor Parkinson Disease, Symptomatic Parkinson DiseaseArmsCarvedilol
NCT04266457 withdrawnnot on this map

Establishing Alpha-synuclein Real Time - Quaking Induced Conversion (RT-QuIC) Assay as a Diagnostic Technique in Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Sleep Behaviour Disorder (RBD)

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of EdinburghRan2021 to 2022Enrolled0ConditionsSleep Disorder Rem Sleep Behavior, Parkinson's Disease, Lewy BodyArmsNo Intervention
NCT04506073 phase2completednot on this map

A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial of Allogeneic Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Disease-modifying Therapy for Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease

TypeinterventionalSponsorThe University of Texas Health Science Center, HoustonRan2020 to 2023Enrolled45ConditionsParkinson's DiseaseArmsMesenchymal Stem Cells, Placebo
NCT05109364 phase2active not recruitingnot on this map

The Effect of alpha1- Adrenergic Receptor Antagonist Therapy on Cardiac and Striatal Transporter Uptake in Pre-Motor and Symptomatic Parkinson's Disease: A Follow up Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorCedars-Sinai Medical CenterRan2022 to 2026Enrolled15ConditionsSymptomatic Parkinson Disease, REM Sleep Behavior Disorder, Pre-motor Parkinson's DiseaseArmsTerazosin therapy
NCT07024875 recruitingnot on this map

Precision Neuroimaging of Parkinson's Disease

Typeobservational_patient_registrySponsorWashington University School of MedicineRan2025 to 2031Enrolled120ConditionsParkinsons Disease (PD)
NCT07226284 narecruitingnot on this map

The Effects of Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Intrinsic Lower Leg Spinal Motoneuron Excitability in Parkinson's Disease.

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of MinnesotaRan2026 to 2029Enrolled75ConditionsPARKINSON DISEASE (Disorder), Parkinson's Disease (PD)ArmsVagal nerve stimulation, No intervention
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4,783 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 10,594 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplantation in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with GRADE assessment.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026
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  7. Enteric Nervous System Damage by Food Contaminants: A Pathway to Neurodegeneration?Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2026
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4,723 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Heiko BraakDepartment of Clinical Neuroanatomy, J.W. Goethe University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt/Main, Germany. Braak@em.uni-frankfurt.de
Kelly Del Tredici
Udo Rüb
Rob A I de Vos
Ernst N H Jansen Steur
Eva Braak
Goethe University Frankfurt · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sporadic Parkinson's disease involves multiple neuronal systems and results from changes developing in a few susceptible types of nerve cells. Essential for neuropathological diagnosis are alpha-synuclein-immunopositive Lewy neurites and Lewy bodies. The pathological process targets specific induction sites: lesions initially occur in the dorsal motor nucleus of the glossopharyngeal and vagal nerves and anterior olfactory nucleus. Thereafter, less vulnerable nuclear grays and cortical areas gradually become affected. The disease process in the brain stem pursues an ascending course with little interindividual variation. The pathology in the anterior olfactory nucleus makes fewer incursions into related areas than that developing in the brain stem. Cortical involvement ensues, beginning with the anteromedial temporal mesocortex. From there, the neocortex succumbs, commencing with high order sensory association and prefrontal areas. First order sensory association/premotor areas and primary sensory/motor fields then follow suit. This study traces the course of the pathology in incidental and symptomatic Parkinson cases proposing a staging procedure based upon the readily recognizable topographical extent of the lesions.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overBrainFemaleHumansLewy BodiesLewy Body DiseaseMaleMedulla OblongataNeocortexParkinson DiseaseTemporal Lobe

Identifiers

PMID12498954
OpenAlexW2073449985

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

and 2 more above

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.