ArticleInfection and immunity2003
Both family 1 and family 2 PspA proteins can inhibit complement deposition and confer virulence to a capsular serotype 3 strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2003. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 136 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human nasal challenge with Streptococcus pneumoniae is immunising in the absence of carriage.PLoS pathogens · 2012Trial
- Capsule and PspA Cooperatively Confer Resistance ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Safety and efficacy of an intramuscular bivalent vaccine against influenza and Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in mice.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2025Article
- The ClpXP protease and the ClpX unfoldase control virulence, cell division, and autolysis inMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Intranasal influenza-vectored vaccine expressing pneumococcal surface protein A protects against Influenza and Streptococcus pneumoniae infections.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) prevents killing of Streptococcus pneumoniae by indolicidin.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Naturally acquired antibodies against 4 Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes in Pakistani adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.PloS one · 2024Article
- An immunoinformatics approach to epitope-based vaccine design against PspA in Streptococcus pneumoniae.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2023Article
- Non-capsular based immunization approaches to preventFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Pneumococcal Surface Proteins as Virulence Factors, Immunogens, and Conserved Vaccine Targets.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Pathogenicity and virulence ofVirulence · 2021Review
- Cost analysis based on bioreactor cultivation conditions: Production of a soluble recombinant protein usingBiotechnology reports (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2020Article
- Sugar-Coated Killer: Serotype 3 Pneumococcal Disease.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
- The Modified Surface Killing Assay Distinguishes between Protective and Nonprotective Antibodies to PspA.mSphere · 2019Article
- Pneumococcal Vaccines.Microbiology spectrum · 2019Review
- Review
- Necroptotic Cell Death Promotes Adaptive Immunity Against Colonizing Pneumococci.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Global emergence and population dynamics of divergent serotype 3 CC180 pneumococci.PLoS pathogens · 2018Article
- Article
- Role ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2017Review
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA), a virulence factor of Streptococcus pneumoniae, is exceptionally diverse, being classified into two major families which are over 50% divergent by sequence analysis. A family 1 PspA from strain WU2 was previously shown to impede the clearance of pneumococci from mouse blood and to interfere with complement deposition on the bacterial surface. To determine whether a family 2 PspA can perform the same role as family 1 PspA, the family 1 PspA (from strain WU2) was replaced with a family 2 PspA (from strain TIGR4) by molecular genetic methods to make an isogenic pair of strains expressing different PspA proteins. Surface binding of lactoferrin and interference with C3 deposition by the two types of PspA proteins were determined by flow cytometry, and virulence was assessed in a mouse bacteremia model. Although the family 2 PspA appeared to bind less human lactoferrin than did the family 1 PspA, both PspA proteins could interfere with complement deposition on the pneumococcal surface and could provide full virulence in the mouse infection model. A mutant form of the family 2 PspA with a deletion within the choline-binding region was also produced. Pneumococci with this mutant PspA failed to bind human lactoferrin even though the PspA was present on the pneumococcal surface. The mutant PspA only partially interfered with complement deposition and moderately attenuated virulence. These results suggest that family 1 and family 2 PspA proteins play similar roles in virulence and that surface accessibility of PspA is important for their function.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.