Evidence map›Paper›PMID 12492603›Full record

SynthesisBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2002

A systematic review of systematic reviews of homeopathy.

E Ernst

Registry-linked trialAbstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00222365 (Homeopathy Assessment in Terms of the Consumption of Analgesics After Knee Ligamentoplasty), which is not on this map. Cited by 40 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT00222365 phase3terminatednot on this mapstarted 2003, after this paper: background citation

Homeopathy Assessment in Terms of the Consumption of Analgesics After Knee Ligamentoplasty

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity Hospital, GrenobleRan2003 to 2006Enrolled165ConditionsPainArmsArnica montana, 5 CH, Bryonia alba, 5 CH, Hypericum perforatum, 5 CH, Ruta graveolens, 3 DH
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Homotoxicology--a review of randomised clinical trials.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2004
    Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Reframing the Performance and Ethics of Empathic AI: Wisdom of the Crowd and Placebos.Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. The ethics of crowdfunding in paediatric neurology.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2023
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Opinions on Homeopathy for COVID-19 on Twitter.Proceedings of the ... ACM Web Science Conference. ACM Web Science Conference · 2022
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. The preventive effect on respiratory tract infections of OscillococcinumClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2018
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

E ErnstDepartment of Complementary Medicine, School of Sport & Health Sciences, University of Exeter, 25 Victoria Park Road, Exeter EX2 4NT UK. E.Ernst@exeter.ac.uk

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Homeopathy remains one of the most controversial subjects in therapeutics. This article is an attempt to clarify its effectiveness based on recent systematic reviews. Electronic databases were searched for systematic reviews/meta-analysis on the subject. Seventeen articles fulfilled the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Six of them related to re-analyses of one landmark meta-analysis. Collectively they implied that the overall positive result of this meta-analysis is not supported by a critical analysis of the data. Eleven independent systematic reviews were located. Collectively they failed to provide strong evidence in favour of homeopathy. In particular, there was no condition which responds convincingly better to homeopathic treatment than to placebo or other control interventions. Similarly, there was no homeopathic remedy that was demonstrated to yield clinical effects that are convincingly different from placebo. It is concluded that the best clinical evidence for homeopathy available to date does not warrant positive recommendations for its use in clinical practice.

Indexed as

HomeopathyArnicaClinical Trials as TopicDatabases, BibliographicHumansMateria MedicaMeta-Analysis as TopicMateria Medica

Identifiers

PMID12492603
PMCPMC1874503

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.