ArticleThe Journal of cell biology2002
The transcription cycle of RNA polymerase II in living cells.
Article in The Journal of cell biology, 2002. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 115 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
115 citing papers in PubMed.
- RNA polymerase II transcription compartments - from factories to condensates.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2025Review
- Hallmarks of glucocorticoid receptor condensates involvement in transcription regulation.iScience · 2025Article
- Article
- Live-cell imaging of endogenous CSB-mScarletI as a sensitive marker for DNA-damage-induced transcription stress.Cell reports methods · 2024Article
- Impact ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Myosin VI regulates the spatial organisation of mammalian transcription initiation.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Live imaging of transcription sites using an elongating RNA polymerase II-specific probe.The Journal of cell biology · 2022Article
- Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation in Chromatin.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2022Review
- Super resolution microscopy reveals how elongating RNA polymerase II and nascent RNA interact with nucleosome clutches.Nucleic acids research · 2022Article
- RNA polymerase II clusters form in line with surface condensation on regulatory chromatin.Molecular systems biology · 2021Article
- Time-Based Systems Biology Approaches to Capture and Model Dynamic Gene Regulatory Networks.Annual review of plant biology · 2021Review
- New Methodologies to Study DNA Repair Processes in Space and Time Within Living Cells.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Two HIRA-dependent pathways mediate H3.3 de novo deposition and recycling during transcription.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2020Article
- Heterogeneous fluid-like movements of chromatin and their implications to transcription.Biophysical reviews · 2020Review
- Single-Molecule Nanoscopy Elucidates RNA Polymerase II Transcription at Single Genes in Live Cells.Cell · 2019Article
- Single nucleosome imaging reveals loose genome chromatin networks via active RNA polymerase II.The Journal of cell biology · 2019Article
- Direct visualization of cardiac transcription factories reveals regulatory principles of nuclear architecture during pathological remodeling.Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology · 2019Article
- Trypanosomes can initiate nuclear export co-transcriptionally.Nucleic acids research · 2019Article
- Forces driving the three-dimensional folding of eukaryotic genomes.Molecular systems biology · 2018Review
- Live-cell analysis of endogenous GFP-RPB1 uncovers rapid turnover of initiating and promoter-paused RNA Polymerase II.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
55 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
RNA polymerase II transcribes most eukaryotic genes. Its catalytic subunit was tagged with green fluorescent protein and expressed in Chinese hamster cells bearing a mutation in the same subunit; it complemented the defect and so was functional. Photobleaching revealed two kinetic fractions of polymerase in living nuclei: approximately 75% moved rapidly, but approximately 25% was transiently immobile (association t1/2 approximately 20 min) and transcriptionally active, as incubation with 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole eliminated it. No immobile but inactive fraction was detected, providing little support for the existence of a stable holoenzyme, or the slow stepwise assembly of a preinitiation complex on promoters or the nuclear substructure. Actinomycin D decreased the rapidly moving fraction, suggesting that engaged polymerases stall at intercalated molecules while others initiate. When wild-type cells containing only the endogenous enzyme were incubated with [3H]uridine, nascent transcripts became saturated with tritium with similar kinetics (t1/2 approximately 14 min). These data are consistent with a polymerase being mobile for one half to five sixths of a transcription cycle, and rapid assembly into the preinitiation complex. Then, most expressed transcription units would spend significant times unassociated with engaged polymerases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.